1. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 1 LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS June 16, 2008 Overview Pre-Beam Checkouts LTU to Dump Commissioning (No Undulator Segments) Undulator Segments Commissioning Characterization of Spontaneous Synchrotron Radiation Characterization of SASE Overview Pre-Beam Checkouts LTU to Dump Commissioning (No Undulator Segments) Undulator Segments Commissioning Characterization of Spontaneous Synchrotron Radiation Characterization of SASE

2. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 2 Related Presentations Paul Emma, Commissioning Results and Plans H. Tompkins, FEE/FEL Commissioning Overview Richard Bionta, FEE Diagnostics and Commissioning

3. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 3 LCLS Installation and Commissioning Time-Line LTU/Und/Dump Install LTU/UndComm. Re-commission Inj/BC2 to SL2 First Light in FEE PEP-II run ends FEE/NEH Install PPS Cert. LTU/Dump FEH Install CD-4 (7/31/2010) X-Rays in NEH First Light in FEH NEH Operations/ Commissioning JFMAMJJASDJFMAMJJASONDJFMAMJJON A 2008 2009 2010 2008 2009 2010 Down PPS AM now Linac/BC2 Commissioning FEEComm. May 2, 2008 FEH Hutch BO Undulator Seg. Install

4. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 4 Beam-Based Commissioning A A B B C C D D A: LTU – Dump B: Undulator Segments C: Spontaneous X-Rays D: SASE A: LTU – Dump B: Undulator Segments C: Spontaneous X-Rays D: SASE e - -Beam X-Ray 20092008

5. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 5 Installation and Conventional Alignment (=>Nov 08) All beamline components except Undulator Segments Pre-Beam Checkouts (Checklists will be prepared) (Oct-Dec 08) LTU Section Magnet Polarities / Motion (OTR, Collimators, Wire-scanners) / etc. Undulator Section Magnet Polarities / Motion (Girder, BFW, Slide) / ADS Calibration / etc. Pre-Undulator Commissioning with Beam (Jan 09 – Mar 09) LTU Section Undulator Section (w/o Undulator Segments) Motion Control / Beam Containment / Beam-Based Alignment / etc. Beam Dump Section Installation of Undulator Segments (Mar 09) Undulator Commissioning with Beam (Mar 09 – Apr 09) Beam Based Alignment / Undulator Slide Functions / Beam Stability Installation and Conventional Alignment (=>Nov 08) All beamline components except Undulator Segments Pre-Beam Checkouts (Checklists will be prepared) (Oct-Dec 08) LTU Section Magnet Polarities / Motion (OTR, Collimators, Wire-scanners) / etc. Undulator Section Magnet Polarities / Motion (Girder, BFW, Slide) / ADS Calibration / etc. Pre-Undulator Commissioning with Beam (Jan 09 – Mar 09) LTU Section Undulator Section (w/o Undulator Segments) Motion Control / Beam Containment / Beam-Based Alignment / etc. Beam Dump Section Installation of Undulator Segments (Mar 09) Undulator Commissioning with Beam (Mar 09 – Apr 09) Beam Based Alignment / Undulator Slide Functions / Beam Stability LTU/Undulator e - -Beam Commissioning Blocks A A B B

6. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 6 LTU-to-Dump Pre-Beam Checkouts (Oct-Dec 08) Undulator Hall HVAC System checkout (before Girder installation) ADS (WPM & HLS) Control System checkout ADS commissioning EPICS Control System Checkout Network Configuration of IOC's Timing System Communication with ADS Checkout Verification of individual Device Operation Magnet Power Supplies and Interlocks Magnet Polarity Checkout Dipoles Quadrupoles Correctors (where power supplies available) BPM Cable Checkout Motion Checkouts Movable Collimator motion Wire Scanner motion & calibration Beam Finder Wire In/Out motion (BFW01 – BFW33) Girder Motion Control checkout (33 Girders using external pos. sensors) CAM Mover motion checkout Transverse slide motion checkout Compound motion checkout (Smooth beamline motion, System re-pointing) Undulator Hall HVAC System checkout (before Girder installation) ADS (WPM & HLS) Control System checkout ADS commissioning EPICS Control System Checkout Network Configuration of IOC's Timing System Communication with ADS Checkout Verification of individual Device Operation Magnet Power Supplies and Interlocks Magnet Polarity Checkout Dipoles Quadrupoles Correctors (where power supplies available) BPM Cable Checkout Motion Checkouts Movable Collimator motion Wire Scanner motion & calibration Beam Finder Wire In/Out motion (BFW01 – BFW33) Girder Motion Control checkout (33 Girders using external pos. sensors) CAM Mover motion checkout Transverse slide motion checkout Compound motion checkout (Smooth beamline motion, System re-pointing)

7. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 7 LTU Commissioning with Beam (Jan-Mar 09) Perform radiation surveys in BTH/FEE, etc with beam in the dump (Stan Mao, et al.) Checkout BPMs (timing, scale, sign errors, etc.) Test MPS (toroid collimators, BPMs, loss monitors, magnets, trip the beam, etc?) Checkout optics using beam oscillation data (does a betatron oscillation fit the model well everywhere? – backwards quads?) Test/checkout BYKIK and its abort dump and logic (MPS). Test/checkout new OTR screens/cameras (OTR30, OTR33, and OTRDMP). Test/checkout new wire scanners (WS31, 32, 33, 34). Test/checkout new adjustable collimators (CEDL1, CEDL3, CX31, CY32, CX35, CY36) Commission new energy and launch feedback loops. Characterize beam, etc. Perform radiation surveys in BTH/FEE, etc with beam in the dump (Stan Mao, et al.) Checkout BPMs (timing, scale, sign errors, etc.) Test MPS (toroid collimators, BPMs, loss monitors, magnets, trip the beam, etc?) Checkout optics using beam oscillation data (does a betatron oscillation fit the model well everywhere? – backwards quads?) Test/checkout BYKIK and its abort dump and logic (MPS). Test/checkout new OTR screens/cameras (OTR30, OTR33, and OTRDMP). Test/checkout new wire scanners (WS31, 32, 33, 34). Test/checkout new adjustable collimators (CEDL1, CEDL3, CX31, CY32, CX35, CY36) Commission new energy and launch feedback loops. Characterize beam, etc. A A

8. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 8 Undulator Beamline Commissioning to Main Dump with Beam but without Undulator Segments (Jan-Mar 08) Commission Radiation Monitors Get Beam through Undulator vacuum pipe with minimum losses. Checkout BPMs (timing, scale, sign errors, etc.) Commission Girder Motion with Beam Verify and calibrate steering effect of quadrupole motion Calibrate motion parameters (gain, pivot points etc.) Check BPM offset tracking Commission RF Cavity BPMs Check charge dependent response over entire charge range Use Girder Motion to calibrate position vs. readings Check and correct optics matching over entire operational energy range Commission Beam Based Alignment (BBA) Develop saved configurations for three different energies. Commission BBA GUIs and BBA procedure. Commission Beam Finder Wires Calibrate PMT signals. Commission BFW GUIs (Alignment and scanning capabilities) Commission ADS-based girder position stabilization feedback systems. Commission Tune-Up Dump in preparation for commissioning with Undulator Segments Commission Radiation Monitors Get Beam through Undulator vacuum pipe with minimum losses. Checkout BPMs (timing, scale, sign errors, etc.) Commission Girder Motion with Beam Verify and calibrate steering effect of quadrupole motion Calibrate motion parameters (gain, pivot points etc.) Check BPM offset tracking Commission RF Cavity BPMs Check charge dependent response over entire charge range Use Girder Motion to calibrate position vs. readings Check and correct optics matching over entire operational energy range Commission Beam Based Alignment (BBA) Develop saved configurations for three different energies. Commission BBA GUIs and BBA procedure. Commission Beam Finder Wires Calibrate PMT signals. Commission BFW GUIs (Alignment and scanning capabilities) Commission ADS-based girder position stabilization feedback systems. Commission Tune-Up Dump in preparation for commissioning with Undulator Segments A A

9. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 9 Install Undulator Segments (Mar 09) Mount Undulator Segments onto girders Segments will be stored in Undulator Hall before installation System is designed to be Self-Aligning Re-check slide motion clearance Expect to install 3 Segments / day Mount Undulator Segments onto girders Segments will be stored in Undulator Hall before installation System is designed to be Self-Aligning Re-check slide motion clearance Expect to install 3 Segments / day

10. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 10 First Beam Through Undulator Segments (Mar 09) Conditions for First Beam: All Undulator Magnets Rolled-Out Single Shot Operation (low charge) Send single electron bunch through undulator Read and evaluate as much diagnostics as possible along undulator (such as BPMs, beam loss monitors, toroids) Identify and remove sources of beam loss – if any Iterate Goal: Get beam through vacuum chamber with minimum losses. Reminder: Main Constraint is to Protect Undulator from Radiation Damage Conditions for First Beam: All Undulator Magnets Rolled-Out Single Shot Operation (low charge) Send single electron bunch through undulator Read and evaluate as much diagnostics as possible along undulator (such as BPMs, beam loss monitors, toroids) Identify and remove sources of beam loss – if any Iterate Goal: Get beam through vacuum chamber with minimum losses. Reminder: Main Constraint is to Protect Undulator from Radiation Damage B B

11. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 11 First Undulator Segments Commissioning (Mar – Apr 09) Undulator Segments still in Roll-Out position Run BBA Roll-In Individual Undulator Segments Transport beam through individual Undulator Segments Start at slot #33 (last Undulator Segment) Check and correct trajectory change. Run BBA with Undulator Segments inserted. Check Segment alignment with BFWs Undulator Segments still in Roll-Out position Run BBA Roll-In Individual Undulator Segments Transport beam through individual Undulator Segments Start at slot #33 (last Undulator Segment) Check and correct trajectory change. Run BBA with Undulator Segments inserted. Check Segment alignment with BFWs B B

12. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 12 Commissioning of X-Ray Diagnostics (May – Jun 09) Direct Imager Slit Solid Attenuator Gas Attenuator Gas Detector Beam-Based K Measurement Components Direct Imager Slit Solid Attenuator Gas Attenuator Gas Detector Beam-Based K Measurement Components Minimum Requirement See presentations by Tompkins and Bionta X-Ray Diagnostics is located after last Undulator Segment in Front-End Enclosure (FEE)

13. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 13 X Ray Diagnostics (FEE) Solid Attenuator Gas Attenuator Slit Start of Experimental Hutches 5 mm diameter collimators Muon Shield Hard X-Ray Offset mirror system Total Energy Thermal Detector WFOV NFOV Gas Detector e-e- Direct Imager Hard x-ray Monochromator (K Spectrometer) Soft X-Ray Offset mirror system See presentations by Tompkins and Bionta

14. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 14 Characterization of Spontaneous Radiation (May – Jun 09) Initially at 1.5 Å to reduce damage issue Start at low charge Repetition rate of 10 Hz or lower will be sufficient Start to characterize radiation at last undulator Measure: total spontaneous energy / pulse spontaneous beam direction temporal variation in spontaneous beam parameters spatial distribution around first spontaneous harmonic spontaneous radiation spectrum wavelength of first harmonic first harmonic wavelength spread Characterize radiation from each individual Undulator Measure relative K of Undulator pair. Initially at 1.5 Å to reduce damage issue Start at low charge Repetition rate of 10 Hz or lower will be sufficient Start to characterize radiation at last undulator Measure: total spontaneous energy / pulse spontaneous beam direction temporal variation in spontaneous beam parameters spatial distribution around first spontaneous harmonic spontaneous radiation spectrum wavelength of first harmonic first harmonic wavelength spread Characterize radiation from each individual Undulator Measure relative K of Undulator pair. Limited capability using K Spectrometer C C

15. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 15 K Measurement: 2-Segment Scheme Measure synchrotron radiation spectrum produced by two undulator segments, and scan K of one segment K’s are matched when spectrum has the steepest slope on high energy side of 1st harmonic peak. Match segments pair-wise until all segments are measured. undulator segments (33 total) segments under test C C

16. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 16 Angle-Integrated Spontaneous Spectrum for 2 Undulators with  K/K =  0.2 to +0.2% 0.1% rms e  energy jitter 0.003% rms e  energy meas. resolution 2% rms charge jitter 0.5% charge meas. res. 0.5  rms angle jitter 10 5 photons/pulse/0.01% 100 photon noise 100 beam pulses with natural energy jitter only 0.1% rms e  energy jitter 0.003% rms e  energy meas. resolution 2% rms charge jitter 0.5% charge meas. res. 0.5  rms angle jitter 10 5 photons/pulse/0.01% 100 photon noise 100 beam pulses with natural energy jitter only  = 0  K/K =  0.2%  K/K =  0.2%  K/K = 0% ~10 6 photons/nC/0.01%BW  x =  3 mm Simulations P. Emma C C

17. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 17 Characterization of SASE (Jul – Aug 09) Initially at 15 Å to maximize SASE gain Start with reduced number of undulators Redo BBA after change of undulator configuration Verify that electron beam meets requirements Find SASE signal using Direct Imager Use Laser-Heater modulation to control gain (7 Hz Lock-In Detection) if necessary Repetition rate of 30 Hz (to support Lock-In Detection) Optimize gain (through electron beam quality and BBA) Measure gain length etc… Initially at 15 Å to maximize SASE gain Start with reduced number of undulators Redo BBA after change of undulator configuration Verify that electron beam meets requirements Find SASE signal using Direct Imager Use Laser-Heater modulation to control gain (7 Hz Lock-In Detection) if necessary Repetition rate of 30 Hz (to support Lock-In Detection) Optimize gain (through electron beam quality and BBA) Measure gain length etc… D D

18. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 18 Measurements along undulator Intensity (L G, Saturation) Measurements after undulator Photon wavelength Photon wavelength spread Pulse intensity Pulse duration Pulse centroid and direction Spatial distribution Jitter Measurements along undulator Intensity (L G, Saturation) Measurements after undulator Photon wavelength Photon wavelength spread Pulse intensity Pulse duration Pulse centroid and direction Spatial distribution Jitter FEL Measurements Undulator Regime Exponential Gain Regime Saturation 1 % of X-Ray Pulse Electron Bunch Micro-Bunching D D

19. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 19 SASE Characterization with FEE Diagnostics X-ray beam diagnostics located in FEE, down stream of last Undulator Segment Obtain necessary z-dependent information through SASE gain shut-off at selectable points along undulator line by Introduction of trajectory distortion or Roll-out of individual undulator segments X-ray beam diagnostics located in FEE, down stream of last Undulator Segment Obtain necessary z-dependent information through SASE gain shut-off at selectable points along undulator line by Introduction of trajectory distortion or Roll-out of individual undulator segments D D

20. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 20 Measurement of SASE Gain Length Using Rollout Undulator Segments can be rolled-out by remote control. Roll-out will start at the last Segment. Rolled-out Segments will not effect radiation produced by earlier segments. D D

21. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 21 Plans for LTU/Undulator commissioning have been worked out and include Detailed pre-beam checkout LTU-Main Dump commissioning without Undulator Segments installed. Installation of Undulator Segments. Undulator Segment Commissioning Characterization of Spontaneous Radiation will be combined with commissioning of X-Ray diagnostics suite in FEE Beam based K-measurement method included. Characterization of SASE will start at 15 Å Gain length measurements will use FEE x-ray diagnostics combined with z-dependent SASE gain cut-off Plans for LTU/Undulator commissioning have been worked out and include Detailed pre-beam checkout LTU-Main Dump commissioning without Undulator Segments installed. Installation of Undulator Segments. Undulator Segment Commissioning Characterization of Spontaneous Radiation will be combined with commissioning of X-Ray diagnostics suite in FEE Beam based K-measurement method included. Characterization of SASE will start at 15 Å Gain length measurements will use FEE x-ray diagnostics combined with z-dependent SASE gain cut-off Summary D D C C B B A A

22. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 22 End of Presentation

23. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 23 Application Software Development LTU Emittance Measurement (Loos – extension of existing GUI) Undulator Steering and re-Pointing (Nuhn) Beta-Matching into the Undulator – with variable mean beta (Loos) Beam-Based Alignment of the FEL Undulator (Loos) Beam-Finder Wire Application – Centering & Emittance (Loos/Nuhn) K-Measurement Application (Welch/Nuhn) There will probably be more … LTU Emittance Measurement (Loos – extension of existing GUI) Undulator Steering and re-Pointing (Nuhn) Beta-Matching into the Undulator – with variable mean beta (Loos) Beam-Based Alignment of the FEL Undulator (Loos) Beam-Finder Wire Application – Centering & Emittance (Loos/Nuhn) K-Measurement Application (Welch/Nuhn) There will probably be more …

24. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 24 Undulator Segment and TLD Replacement Program 20102009

25. Heinz-Dieter Nuhn, SLAC / LCLS LTU/Undulator Commissioning Plans nuhn@slac.stanford.edu June 16, 2008 25 Measurement of SASE Gain Length with Trajectory Distortion GENESIS Simulations by Z. Huang Quadrupole Displacement at Selectable Point along Undulator D D