1. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Recommendations for Chemical Engineering Education in a Bologna Two Cycle Degree System (Draft as of Mai 2005) Dr.-Ing. Martin Molzahn, D – Weisenheim am Berg Prof. dr. ing. Jørgen Løvland, N - Trondheim EFCE WP on Education EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 2005

2. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20052 Outline The Bologna Process –Objectives, milestones EFCE policy on Bologna Process EFCE Bologna Recommendations –Introduction –Learning outcomes General chemical engineering skills and knowledge Transferable skills –Achieving the learning outcomes Core curriculum Teaching and learning Industrial experience Review of the educational process Student assessment Conclusion

3. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20053 Bologna Process: Main Objectives / Elements  To establish the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) by 2010 by: Adoption of a system of easily readable and comparable degrees, also through the implementation of the Diploma Supplement Adoption of a system essentially based on two main cycles, undergraduate and graduate. –Access to the second shall require successful completion of first cycle studies, lasting a minimum of three years. The degree awarded after the first cycle shall also be relevant to the European labour market as an appropriate level of qualification. Establishment of a system of credits – such as in the ECTS – as a proper means of promoting the most widespread student mobility. Promotion of mobility by overcoming obstacles to the effective exercise of free movement

4. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20054 Bologna Process: Why? National systems of higher education in Europe become more and more hindrances for the mobility of students and employees –Degrees most often awarded and accredited on a national basis, but to be recognized by the international labour market Attraction of European higher education to students and professors of other parts of the world decreased continuously: –Problems with the readability and the recognition of degrees European students asking increasingly for transnational programmes

5. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20055 Bologna Process: Milestones 1998: Sorbonne (France, Germany, Italy, UK) –Initiative to harmonize the European Higher Education System 1999: Bologna Declaration (30 (45) countries) –To establish the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) by 2010 2001: Prague (1 st follow-up conference) –promotion of life long learning –enhancing attractiveness and competitiveness of the European Higher Education Area to other parts of the world 2003: Berlin (2 nd follow-up conference, http://www.bologna-berlin2003.de)http://www.bologna-berlin2003.de –To speed up the process –National quality assurance systems completed by 2005 –Second cycle degrees should give access to doctoral studies 2005: Bergen ( 3 rd follow-up conference, http://www.bologna-bergen2005.no)http://www.bologna-bergen2005.no –Statement on HE and research (third cycle 3 - 4 years full time)

6. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20056 EFCE Policy on the Bologna Process* ) EFCE welcomes and supports the idea of establishing a European Higher Education Area EFCE is willing to co-operate with all parties involved in the Bologna Process EFCE will take into account the merits and benefits of existing engineering education as well as of the role of Chemical Engineering in the participating countries EFCE believes that a reasonable degree of diversity in the training of Chemical Engineers is desirable * ) ChERD (Trans. IChemE), 81/A10, 1406, November 2003; http://www.efce.info

7. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20057 EFCE Bologna Recommendations Introduction –Referring to the EFCE Statement on Bologna Process –Referring to the 2001 and 2003 communiqués of the Conferences of Ministers responsible for Higher Education: …, degrees should have different defined outcomes. First and second cycle degrees should have different orientations and various profiles in order to accommodate a diversity of individual, academic and labour market needs. –Learning outcomes formulated in a general way –Reflecting the wide area of industries employing Chemical Engineers coming out of different ways of education –Core curricula: Covering approx. 2/3 of a first and a second level degree programme Giving space for specialization and broadening

8. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20058 The diversity of Chemical Engineering curricula Chemistry and Physical Chemistry Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Germany Maschinenbau Germany Switzerland Verfahrens- technik UK University Chemistry Depts. France Ecoles de Chimie Germany Technische Chemie France Germany (CIW) Poland Norway Spain UK USA

9. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 20059 First cycle degree CE outcomes After graduation, a first level degree chemical engineer should: –have a knowledge of relevant basic sciences (mathematics, chemistry, molecular biology, physics) to help understand, describe and deal with chemical engineering phenomena –understand the basic principles underlying chemical engineering: material, energy, momentum balances equilibrium rate processes (chemical reaction, mass, heat, momentum transfer) –and be able to use them to set up and to solve (analytically, numerically, graphically) a variety of chemical engineering problems –understand the main concepts of process control –understand the principles underlying methods of process/product measurements –be able to plan, perform, explain and report simple experiments

10. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200510 First cycle degree CE outcomes (contd.) Further, after graduation, a first level degree chemical engineer should: –have a knowledge of relevant literature and data sources –have a basic understanding of health, safety, and environmental issues –understand the concept of sustainability –understand basic concepts of chemical product engineering –have knowledge of some practical applications of process and product engineering –have an ability to analyse complex problems in the chosen orientation –have some experience in using appropriate software –be able to perform appropriate design in the chosen orientation –be able to calculate process and project costs

11. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200511 Second cycle degree CE outcomes A second cycle degree study will be characterized by greater differentiation both between institutions and between students. After graduation, a second level degree chemical engineer should –be more proficient in the first level competencies in the chosen orientation –use deeper knowledge of the underlying phenomena to build more advanced models –be able to use appropriate computational tools –be able to perform more advanced experiments and to give more advanced interpretations of the results –be able to analyze, evaluate and compare relevant alternatives in the chosen orientation –be able to synthesize and optimize novel solutions –be able to self-study a topic in depth Final outcomes of a second cycle degree programme to be (at least) equivalent to those of traditional long-cycle (4,5 – 5 years) programmes. Graduates to be able to work as research engineers and to go for doctoral studies.

12. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200512 Transferable skills An engineering education should give the engineer a number of transferable skills, which are more or less independent of the type of engineering. These skills are not specific to the core or to the degree level, but will be acquired to some extent in the first level study and will be deepened in the second. After graduation, an engineer should –be able to communicate effectively, including in English, using modern presentation tools as appropriate –be able to work in multidisciplinary teams –have an understanding of the impact of engineering solutions in an environmental and societal context –have an understanding of professional end ethical responsibility –be able to learn on his/her own, and have a recognition of the need for life- long learning

13. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200513 First cycle degree core curriculum Science and mathematics: min. 45 ECTU Mathematics, statistics, numerical methods, information science, physics, chemistry and biology (incl. laboratory) Chemical engineering: min. 65 ECTU Material and energy balance calculations, thermodynamics / physical chemistry, fluid dynamics, separations (mechanical, equilibrium and mass transfer based), heat transfer, reaction engineering, materials of construction, basic product engineering, process control and instrumentation, process analytical techniques, safety, health, environment, chemical engineering laboratory, first cycle thesis / chemical engineering project Non-technical topics:min. 10 ECTU Economics …. Total:min. 120 ECTU

14. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200514 Second cycle degree core curriculum Science and mathematics:min 15 ECTU Chemical engineering topics:min 40 ECTU Second cycle thesis / Chemical engineering project:min 20 ECTU Total:min 75 ECTU Although no topics are specified here it is clear from the recommended learning outcomes that central chemical engineering topics such as transport phenomena, chemical reaction engineering, dynamic modelling as well as topics such as statistics/optimization/parameter estimation must be included to the extent they have not been covered in the first cycle study.

15. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200515 Teaching and learning Teaching and learning methods –To be appropriate for the topic in question –To develop students’ skills to work independently and in teams –To include Group work and communication tasks Self-study and problem solving tasks Suitable examples for illustration and discussion of ethical, societal, environmental and professional issues Courses to show the broad applicability of chemical engineering methods

16. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200516 Industrial experience Industry has to play an important role in the formation of engineers Industrial experience –serves to illustrate the applications and limitations of theory –helps to set the courses in a wider context –motivates for the remaining study –provides social skills for later leadership roles Industrial experience for all can only be obtained if industry accepts the responsibility of providing sufficient placements

17. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200517 Assessment Review of the educational process –Each educational institution should have an ongoing review of the educational process, to ensure that the parts are up to date and properly coordinated that each and every part contributes towards the aims of the course and in general to improve the educational outcomes Student assessment –EFCE would like to emphasize the need for appropriate feed-back to maximise the learning effect of the assessments

18. EFCE Bologna Recommendations Molzahn as of: 30/05/2005EURECHA Workshop, ESCAPE 15, Barcelona, 31 May 200518 Conclusion EFCE WP on Education prepared draft EFCE Bologna Recommendations for Chemical Engineering Education in a Bologna Two cycle Degree system covering: –Learning outcomes: general chemical engineering skills and knowledge transferable skills –Means to achieve the learning outcomes: Core curriculum (approx. 2/3 of full programmes) Teaching and learning Review of the educational process Student assessment EFCE WP chairmen brought in some further suggestions Recommendations to be published soon Comments welcome