1. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. THORAX SURFACE ANATOMY Student who cheated in anatomy lab: counted own ribs Males and Females have same number of ribs (no, Eve wasn’t formed from one of Adam’s)

2. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. BONES STERNUM manubrium xiphoid process SCAPULA spine medial border inferior angle RIBS

3. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. MUSCLES BACK “traps” (trapezius) “lats” (latissimus dorsi) erector spinae (cords in lumber region, great for massage--aaaaahhhh) CHEST “pecs” (pectoralis major) serratus anterior

4. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. Fun and Fitness Muscle Website

5. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES Function in posture, respiration “COSTAL” = ribs “intercostal” = between the ribs

6. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. The Breast Location: (female breast) Superior border: 2 nd rib Inferior border: 6 th rib Medial border: Sternum Lateral border: Midaxillary line Location: (male nipple) Fourth Intercostal Space, Midclavicular line Underlying muscle Pectoralis major and minor Part of serratus anterior, external obliques Lateral Thoracic Artery, branches of Internal Thoracic A., Post. Intercostals Intercostal, Internal Thoracic, Axillary Veins Branches of Intercostal Nerve

7. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. Mammary Glands Lactiferous (modified sweat) Glands Breast made of 15-25 lobes (each a compound alveolar gland) Lobes made of lobules called acini, alveoli Acini/Alveoli lined w/milk-secreting simple epithelial cells Lactiferous Ducts of lobes open at nipple Areola-ring of pigmented skin around nipple Sebaceous gland produce sebum during nursing Lobes separated by adipose tissue and suspended by connective tissue = Suspensory Ligaments of the Breasts

8. Human Anatomy, Larry M. Frolich, Ph.D. Mammary Gland