1. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-1

2. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-2 Appendix Quantitative and Qualitative Research Techniques for Studying Organizational Behavior and Management Practice A A

3. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-3 Characteristics of the Scientific Approach 1.The procedures are public 2.The definitions are precise 3.The data collecting is objective 4.The finding must be replicable 5.The approach is systematic and cumulative 6.The purposes are explanation, understanding, and prediction 1.The procedures are public 2.The definitions are precise 3.The data collecting is objective 4.The finding must be replicable 5.The approach is systematic and cumulative 6.The purposes are explanation, understanding, and prediction

4. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-4 Case Study Field Study Experiment Meta-Analysis Methods of Inquiry Used by Behavioral Scientists

5. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-5 Qualitative Research (1 of 2) Qualitative methods – an array of interpretative techniques that attempt to describe and clarify the meaning of naturally occurring phenomena It is by design open-ended and interpretative

6. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-6 Qualitative Research (2 of 2) The researcher’s interpretation and description are the significant data collection acts in a qualitative study Qualitative data are defined as those: whose meanings are subjective that are rarely quantifiable that are difficult to use in making quantitative comparisons

7. McGraw-Hill/Irwin© 2005 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. A-7 Characteristics Associated with Qualitative Research 1.Analytical induction 2.Proximity 3.Ordinary behavior 4.Descriptive emphasis 5.Shrinking variance 6.Enlightening the consumer 1.Analytical induction 2.Proximity 3.Ordinary behavior 4.Descriptive emphasis 5.Shrinking variance 6.Enlightening the consumer