1. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 1 Energy (Why it is important? Global Use) Ali Shakouri Electrical Engineering Department University of California Santa Cruz http://quantum.soe.ucsc.edu/ EE80S Sustainability Engineering and Practice October 15, 2007

2. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 2 What is energy? Why energy is important in sustainable development? What is the main source of energy in our society? How long our conventional energy sources will last? Environmental impacts of our current energy sources? Are there long term renewable energy options? (next lecture) Energy

3. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 3 GDP/capita vs. kW/capita Prof. Ben Crow

4. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 4 Energy Intensity vs. Development Prof. Ben Crow

5. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 5 US Energy Consumption per Capita DOE, Energy Information Administration (EAI)

6. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 6 Talk by Late Prof. Richard E. Smalley (Rice Univ.), Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Dec. 2004 Major Issues: 1.Education 2.Global energy crisis 3.Global warming 4.Humanity's top 10 problems for the next 50 years (water, food, poverty, population, …). Abundant low-cost clean energy will take care of the other 9 problems Oil was the basis of energy prosperity in the 20th century. Energy in the 21st century? Beyond 21 st century?

7. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 7

8. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 8 Rejected Energy 61% Total 91.4 quad (↑ x3) 1950 Population: 291M

9. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 9 DOE, Energy Information Administration (EAI)

10. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 10 DOE, Energy Information Administration (EAI)

11. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 11 34% 8% 28% 6% Share of World Total 24% 38% 26% 23% 7% 6%

12. AS 10/15/2007 EE80S 12 World Energy Consumption, 2004, 2015, and 2030 (quadrillion Btu) International Energy Outlook 2007 200420152030 240 207 265 294 298 404 OECD Non-OECD