1. Topic 5 Energy and the Price We Pay

3. Four basic forms of energy Most familiar with KE = ½ mv 2 and PE=mgh (kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy) others include electromagnetic and mass energy. We can define energy as the ability to do work.

5. Conservation of energy Closed system means no mass introduced. Isolated system means no mass or energy introduced to the system.

7. Internal energy

8. Temperature Temperature- a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules making up a substance. Heat Heat- energy of molecules that is gained/lost through a temperature difference.

9. J.P. Joule (1818-1889)

10. First Law of Thermodynamics (conservation of energy)

11. Rudolf Clausius (1822-1888) (Rudolf Gottlieb)

12. There are no perfect refrigerators.

15. Entropy “a measure of the disorder” points in the direction of spontaneous processes. An increase results in some energy becoming unavailable for doing work.

16. Second Law of Thermodynamics There are no perfect heat engines. There are no perfect refrigerators. The entropy of an isolated system always increases.