1. European Integration  Government 1183  Lecture 4—EU history/institutions/law  Feb 11--2008

2. Theories of Integration  CAUSES  (i) War—internal; external  (II) Economic Well-being  (iii) National Self-determination

3. Theories of European Integration  ACTORS  Euro-centric actors—Jean Monnet et al  State-Centric—(a) Statesmen seeking security and welfare for their state; and (b) Politicians seeking a place or position.  Business-Centric;  Demos-Centric—role of intellectual elites; role of the people.

4. Some More EU Jargon  (i)--neo-functionalism (Monnet Method)  (ii)—intergovernmentalism—(state- centric process of integration)  (iii)—competences/policy domains  -------(a) member-statists/federalists  --------(b) intergovernmental EU/ supranational EU.  (iv)--subsidiarity

5. Political Structure of the EU.  Commission—Supranational.  Council of Ministers—Intergovernmental.  Parliament—Supranational.  Court—Supranational.

6. EU Treaties  Schumann Declaration 1950  European Coal and Steel Community 1951  Treaty of Rome 1957—EEC estd.  Single European Act 1986  Treaty of European Union (Maastricht) 1992  Constitutional Treaty ????

8. Treaty of Rome Preamble [Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Lux., and the Neths.] Determined to lay the foundations of an ever closer union among the peoples of Europe, Resolved to ensure the economic and social progress of their countries by common action to eliminate the barriers which divide Europe, Affirming as the essential objective of their efforts the constant improvement of the living and working conditions of their peoples, Recognising that the removal of existing obstacles calls for concerted action in order to guarantee steady expansion, balanced trade and fair competition, Anxious to strengthen the unity of their economies and to ensure their harmonious development by reducing the differences existing between the various regions and the backwardness of the less favoured regions, Desiring to contribute, by means of a common commercial policy, to the progressive abolition of restrictions on international trade, Intending to confirm the solidarity which binds Europe and the overseas countries and desiring to ensure the development of their prosperity, in accordance with the principles of the Charter of the United Nations, Resolved by thus pooling their resources to preserve and strengthen peace and liberty, and calling upon the other peoples of Europe who share their ideal to join in their efforts, Have decided to create a European Economic Community

9. Treaty of Rome (1957)  The activities of the Community shall include…:  (a) the elimination as between Member States, of customs duties and quantitative restrictions on the import and export of goods, and of all other measures having equivalent effect;  (b) a common commercial policy;  (c) an internal market characterized by the abolition, as between Member States, of obstacles to the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital;  (e) a common policy in the sphere of agriculture and fisheries;  (h) the approximation of the laws of the Member States to the extent required for the functioning of the common market;  (i) a policy in the social sphere comprising a European Social Fund;  (j) the strengthening of economic and social cohesion;

10. Treaty of Rome 1957  Questions:  (i) Why move beyond Steel and Coal Agreement  (ii) Security-reasons/ economic reasons/ identity reasons