1. Kinesiology 140 Contemporary Health Issues Burnaby Campus

2. Course Outline The course outline as well as all course information/resources are available at: www.sfu.ca/~dbedoya www.sfu.ca/~dbedoya Lecture recordings are available at www.sfu.ca/lectures www.sfu.ca/lectures

3. KIN 140 Take Home Messages Don’t smoke Be physically active regularly Keep a healthy weight Minimize saturated fat Wear a condom Have a positive outlook on life Prevention is better than treatment Rule of 80/90%

4. UNIT 2: THE CONCEPT OF HEALTH

5. DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH

6. World Health Organization (WHO) “Health is the complete state of physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” -1948 "a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.“-1986

7. Understanding Health with the use of Models Model: a representation – A way of looking at or explaining a concept in a more understandable format » Ex. Medical Model, Risk factor model, Wellness Model

8. Medical Model You go to see a doctor when you have signs/symptoms of disease – Signs: something you can see – Symptoms: something you feel The doctor is responsible for your health Health is achieved through treatment

9. Medical Model The Medical model views health as the absence of disease

10. The Medical Model focuses on dependency

11. Risk Factor Model Looks at the main causes of mortality Looks to inform the population of risk factors for disease Compared to the medical model, the focus is on prevention instead of treatment and the individual is responsible for their own health, instead of the doctor Does not necessarily predict whether you will get a disease, but gives you the probability that you will

12. The Risk Factor Model focuses on independent accountability for health

13. Wellness/ Holistic model Neutral Position Wellness = a dynamic process not a state of being

14. The Wellness Wheel: The 7 Dimensions of Wellness

15. The 7 dimensions of wellness The 7 dimensions of wellness are: – Emotional – Physical – Spiritual – Career/Academic – Financial – Environmental – Social/Cultural

16. The 7 Dimensions of Wellness Wellness is all about maintaining a balance between the many different aspects of your life. Everyone's optimal wellness will be different, depending on your own needs, experiences, personality, and circumstances. As we make our way through life, different aspects will fall in and out of balance - it's our job to try and maintain as much of a balance as possible.

17. Behaviour Change

18. According to the ASE model, there are three main predictors of behaviour change: – Attitudes; do you really want to change? What are the benefits? The personal costs? – Social norms; how do your social networks affect your behaviour? Do they make you more or less likely to participate in it? – Self-efficacy; Do you think you can actually do it or have you failed before and are convinced that you just can’t permanently change?

19. Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of The Stages of Behaviour Change (Prochaska 1992) Consciousness raising Dramatic relief Environmental re-evaluation Self re-evaluation Self-liberation Reinforcement management Helping relationships Counter conditioning Stimulus control PrecontemplationContemplationPreparation Action Maintenance Relapse Adapted from Prochaska1992 Experiential processes Behavioural processes Transition Modifier

20. SMART Goals Your behaviour change goals should be SMART Specific Measurable Attainable Realistic Timely