1. Exam Info You will need a PICTURE ID to turn in your exam! Take the exam in the correct section! No hats, baggy clothes, scarves, or cell phones on exam day Bring your textbooks to the review session

2. ADMINISTERING SURVEYS Questionnaires Personal administration to groups or individuals Mail surveys Internet surveys Other technologies “Computerized experience-sampling”

3. ADMINISTERING SURVEYS Interviews Face-to-face interviews Telephone interviews Focus group interviews Problem: Interviewer bias

4. SURVEY DESIGNS TO STUDY CHANGES OVER TIME Questions Are the Same Each Time Surveyed Tracks Changes Over Time Panel Study “Two wave” “Three wave”

5. SAMPLING FROM A POPULATION Confidence Intervals Percentage of confidence that the true population value lies within an interval of the obtained sample Sampling error or margin of error Sample Size A larger sample size reduces the size of the confidence interval

6. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Two basic techniques for sampling Probability Sampling Each member of the population has a specifiable probability of being chosen Nonprobability sampling Unknown probability of any member being chosen

7. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Probability sampling Simple random sampling – equal probability Stratified random sampling – divided into subgroups (strata) and random samples are taken from each strata Cluster sampling – identify clusters and sample from the clusters

10. SAMPLING TECHNIQUES Nonprobability Sampling Haphazard sampling – convenience sampling Purposive sampling – sample meets predetermined criterion Quota sampling – sample reflects the numerical composition of various subgroups in the population

11. EVALUATING SAMPLES Representative of the population Sampling Frame - Actual population from which the sample is drawn Response Rate - % of respondents who complete Reasons for Using Convenience Samples -Less costly -Can be representative