1. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT

2. Training and Development (T&D)
Human Resource Development – Major HRM function consisting not only of T&D, but also individual career planning and development activities and performance appraisal
Training and Development – Heart of a continuous effort designed to improve employee competency and organizational performance

3. Training and Development (T&D)
Training - Designed to provide learners with the knowledge and skills needed for their present jobs
Development - Involves learning that goes beyond today's job – more long-term focus
Learning Organization – firms that recognize critical importance of continuous performance-related training and development an take appropriate action

4. Factors Influencing T&D
Top management support
Commitment from specialists and generalists
Technological advances
Organizational complexity
Learning principles
Other human resource functions

5. The Training and Development Process
Consider External and Internal Environment
Determine T&D needs

6. The Training and Development (T&D) Process External Environment Internal Environment
Determine T&D Needs
Establish Specific Objectives
Select T&D Method(s)
Implement T&D Programs
Evaluate T&D Programs

7. Determining Training Needs
Needs analysis
Organization analysis
Person analysis
Task analysis

8. Developing the training program
Ensure employee readiness
Create a learning environment
Practice
Feedback
Ensure transfer of training
Maximize similarity
Relapse prevention

9. Establishing Objectives and Evaluating the Program
Clear and concise objectives must be formulated
Measurable outcomes
Cognitive
Behavioral
Reaction
Results
ROI
Measuring outcomes
Pretest/Posttest with comparison group
Time series

10. T&D Methods Classroom Programs Mentoring Coaching Reverse Mentoring
Case Study
Videotapes
Role Playing
Apprenticeship Training
Vestibule Training
Simulations
Business Games
In-Basket Training
Distance Learning and Videoconferencing
Computer-based Training
Virtual Reality
E-learning
On-the-Job Training
Job Rotation
Internships

11. Legal Issues Injury during training Injury outside training
Confidentiality or defamation
Use of copyrighted material
Inclusion in training
Equal treatment during training