1. ISYS 573 Special Topic – VB.Net David Chao

2. The History of VB Early 1960s:BASIC-Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code –Teaching –Simple syntax, easy-to-use –Interpreted language – slow Microsoft’s long history of commitment to BASIC –In the 1980s: QuickBasic, QBasic (shipped with DOS) –In the early 1990s, VB 1.0 Visual interface design and creation Even-driven programming Easy database access –2002: VB.Net Challenges: Java, Internet application development

3. Portability Java: Write Once Run Anywhere Java Source Code Java Byte Code (Intermediate Code) Java Byte Code Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Executable Code

4. .NET Framework.NET Framework class libraries: A large set of classes that forms the basis for objects that can be used programmatically. Creating Internet applications and Windows applications

5. Microsoft’s.Net Language must compliance with Common Language Specification, CLS. Compile the language into Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) code. The MSIL code is then executed in the Common Language Runtime (CLR), which conceptually is same as the JVM, where it is translated into machine code by a compiler.

6. .Net Architecture Common Language Runtime Base Class Library Data and XML ASP.Net Windows Forms Common Language Specification VB.NetC#C++

7. Common Language Runtime: –Manages execution of compiled.NET program. –Provides.Net basic services, such as memory management, garbage collection, etc. Base Class library: define all the basic data types such as system.object, numeric, date, etc. Data and XML: Classes work with database (ADO.NET) and XML document. ASP.Net and Forms: Classes that generate user interface. CLS: CLS dictates the minimum group of features that a.Net language must have.

8. .Net Advantages It is independence from a specific language. Developers can create a.Net application in any.Net compatible language. –.Net moves most of the functionality from the language to the.Net Framework. All.Net language can use these classes. It can exist on multiple platforms, further extending the portability of.Net programs. Facilitate internet application development: –ASP.Net: Web Forms and XML Web services. Universal data access: Data can be accessed by any Internet-connected device.

9. Programming in the.Net Framework Programming in the.Net Framework means making use of the classes, objects, and members exposed by the Framework, building your own classes on top of these and manipulating the resulting objects using a.Net language. Ex. VB form is derived from System.Windows.Forms.Form class.

10. Major Topics in ISYS 573 VB.Net language –Event-driven programming –Component programming –Object-oriented programming –Database access.Net Framework classes Internet applications –Web forms –Web services –Web controls

11. Class and Object A class is a blueprint from which objects are made. Every object created from a class is an instance of the class. Properties and methods: An object’s interface consists of properties and methods. A property is an attribute associated with an object, while a method is an action that the object can carry out.

12. VB.NET is Object-Oriented Everything from the simplest data types provided by VB to the complex windows is a class. –Ex: Dim iNum as Integer iNum=10 Debug.WriteLine (“The number is: “ & iNum.ToString)

13. Visual Studio.NET It is the development environment for creating applications based on the.NET Framework. It supports VB, C#, and C++. Demo: –Start page: MyProfile –Starting project: Project types, name and location, –Solutions and projects, renaming a project, property page, AutoHide, Dock/Float –Configure start up environment: Tools/Option –View/Solution, View/Class, Project/Add Windows Form, Project/Add New Item –Form, Code view, File Properties and Object properties

14. Introduction to Visual Basic.Net Event-driven programming –The interface for a VB program consists of one or more forms, containing one or more controls (screen objects). –Form and control has a number of events that it can respond to. Typical events include clicking a mouse button, type a character on the keyboard, changing a value, etc. –Event procedure

15. Typical VB.Net Controls Form design view: ToolBox/Windows Forms –TextBox –Label –Button –CheckBox –RadioButton –ListBox –ComboBox –PictureBox –Etc.

16. Form Properties: –Name, FormBorder, Text, BackColor, BackImage, Opacity? Events: –Load, Closed Rename a form: –Change the name and text property. –Rename the form in the Solution Explorer. –Change the StartUp in the Project Property.

17. Text Box Properties: –AutoSize, BorderStyle, CauseValidation, Enabled, Locked, Multiline, PasswordChar, ReadOnly, ScrollBar, TabIndex, Text, Visible, etc. Events: –CauseValidation, TextChanged, etc. To refer to a property: –ControlName.PropertyName –Ex. TextBox1.Text Properties can be set at the design time or at the run time with code. –Demo: TextAlignment

18. Label –Display message, output –Property: –Text, TextAlign –Autosize –Visible Button –Click event

19. Typical VB.Net Programming Tasks Creatin g the GUI elements that make up the application’s user interface. –Visualize the application. –Make a list of the controls needed. Setting the properties of the GUI elements Writing procedures that respond to events and perform other operations.

20. Demo Num1 Num2 Sum = Control properties Event: Click, MouseMove, FormLoad, etc. Event procedures Sum: textBox3.text=CStr(CDbl(textBox1.text)+CDbl(textBox2.text)) Or (CDbl(textBox1.text)+CDbl(textBox2.text)).toString Challenge: How to draw a horizontal line?

21. Demo Chap 2, KiloConverter. Add buttons to change text alignment in the label. –TextAlign property and enumeration

22. VB Projects A VB project consists of several files. Visual Studio.Net automatically creates a project folder to keep all project files in the folder. –Solution file –Project file –Form file –Modules –Class file –Etc.

23. Configure VB Project Project property page –General – Build: Option Explicit – Imports Debug –Debug/Windows

24. Variable Declarations Dim variableName as DataType Variable naming rules: –The first character must be a letter or an underscore character. –Use only letters, digits, and underscore. –Cannot contain spaces or periods. –No VB keywords Naming conventions: –Descriptive –Consistent lower and upper case characters. Ex. Camel casing: lowerUpper, employeeName

25. Control Naming Conventions The first three letters should be a lowercase prefix that indicates the control’s type. –frm, txt, lbl, btn. The first letter after the prefix should be uppercase. –txtSalary, lblMessage The part of the control name after the prefix should describe the control’s purpose in the application.

26. VB Data Types Boolean (True/False):2 bytes Byte: Holds a whole number from 0 to 255. Char: single character Date: date and time, 8 bytes. Decimal: Real number up to 29 significant digits, 16 bytes Double: real, 8 bytes Single: real, 4 bytes Integer: 4 bytes(int32, uint32) Long: 8 bytes integer Short: 2 bytes integer String Object: Holds a reference of an object

27. Variable Declaration Examples Dim empName as String Declare multiple variables with one Dim: –Dim empName, dependentName, empSSN as String Dim X As Integer, Y As Single Initiatialization –Dim interestRate as Double = 0.0715

28. Variable Default Value Variables with a numeric data type: 0 Boolean variables: False Date variables: 12:00:00 AM, January 1 of the year 1. String variables: Nothing

29. Variable Scope Block-level scope: declared within a block of code terminated by an end, loop or next statement. –If city = “Rome” then Dim message as string = “the city is in Italy” MessageBox(message) –End if Procedural-level scope: declared in a procedure Class-level, module-level scope: declared in a class or module but outside any procedure with either Dim or Private keyword. Project-level scope: a class or module variable declared with the Public keyword.

30. Data Conversion Implicit conversion: When you assign a value of one data type to a variable of another data type, VB attempts to convert the value being assigned to the data type of the variable if the OptionStrict is set to Off. Explicit conversion: –VB.Net Functions: CStr, Ccur, CDbl, Cint, CLng, CSng, Cdate,Val, etc. –.Net System.Convert Ex. System.Convert.ToDateTime(var) Type class’s methods: –toString Demo: Val

31. Date Data Type Variables of the Date data type can hold both a date and a time. The smallest value is midnight (00:00:00) of Jan 1 of the year 1. The largest value is 11:59:59 PM of Dec. 31 of the year 9999. Date literals: A date literal may contain the date, the time, or both, and must be enclosed in # symbols: –#1/30/2003#, #1/31/2003 2:10:00 PM# –#6:30 PM#, #18:30:00#

32. Date Literal Example: –Dim startDate as dateTime –startDate = #1/30/2003# Use the System.Convert.ToDateTime function to convert a string to a date value: –startDate = System.Convert.ToDateTime(“1/30/2003”) –If date string is entered in a text box: startDate = System.Convert.ToDateTime(txtDate.text) Or startDate=Cdate(txtDate.text)

33. Some Date Functions Now: Current date and time Today: Current date TimeOfDay DateDiff Demo –Days to Christmas –Date data type properties and methods

34. Arithmetic and String Operators +, -, *, /, ^, ( ) \:Integer division –Return integer result –If the operands are real numbers, they are rounded to the nearest whole number before the division takes place. Mod: –Remainder = 17 mod 5 Order of evaluation: –1. ( ), 2. ^, 3.*, /, 4.\, 5.Mod, 6.+, - String Concatenation: &, + Compound operator: : X= X+1 or X +=1

35. Demo Chap 3, simple calculator