1. Why include Micronutrients to your crop program?
NEED OF MICROELEMENTS
Why include Micronutrients to your crop program?
Plants need more than just the Macronutrients (NPK) and secondary elements (Ca, Mg & S) to survive in a healthy state.
Micronutrients act in the most of VITAL chemical reactions of plants. 
Micronutrients: Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, Mo, Si, Co …
If there is a little deficiency of any microelement, it may affect to the yield and quality of the crops.
Microelements are a “restrictive factor”

2. NEED OF MICROELEMENTS
Macroelements (NPK): it is necessary to apply them in big quantities
Microelements: it is necessary to apply them in small quantities
BUT …
The shortest piece LIMITS the YIELD
Independently of the width (quantity)

3. Micronutrient content in soils:
extreme variability

4. REASONS OF THE MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES
More productive varieties: more extractions
Crop intensification
High increase of NPK fertilization
Decrease of organic fertilizers
Drip Irrigation
Low plant uptake (soil interactions)
Calcareous soils
Soil pH
SO IT'S NECESSARY
TO PROTECT THE MICRONUTRIENT...

5. % Micronutrients availability depending on soil pH
SO IT'S NECESSARY
TO PROTECT THE MICRONUTRIENT
and INCREASE AVAILABILITY !!
At low pH all microelements are available for roots except Mo
If the pH increases the solubility of the microelements decrease and also the availability

6. Sources of micronutrients
TRADICIONAL
SOURCES
SALTS
OXIDES
SULPHATES
NITRATES
ORGANIC
SOURCES
METAL +
CHELATING
AGENT
(PHYSICAL MIX)
COMPLEXING
Amino-acids
Lignosulphonates
Poliflavonoids
(CHEMICAL MIX)
Citrates
Oxilates
Gluconates
EDTA
EDDHA
DTPA
React with:
- The clay-humus complex of the soil
- Soluble phosphates (present in the soil or applied with N, P, K fertilisers)

7. What’s a chelate: Chelate Reaction TRADECORP FORMULATION+
CHELATING AGENT + MICRONUTRIENT = CHELATE
TRADECORP SYNTHESIS
TRADECORP FORMULATION
Chelating agent: substance which protects the metal to avoid its immobilization in the soil
Chelate: microelement protected by a molecule in order to be available for plants

8. To Prevent 2. To Correct Chelate Functions Micronutrients deficiencies
- Decrease of yield
- Decrease of quality
- Less resistant plants
- Plant died
DEFICIENCY ? 

9. To Prevent 2. To Correct Chelate Functions Micronutrients deficiencies
3. To protect the metal against interactions with phosphates and soil complex.
4. To transport metals in the rizosphere towards the nutrient uptake area.

10. Types of chelating agents
EDDHA
EDTA
Chemical structure of chelating agents specifically of Fe
Chemical structure of EDTA chelating agent

11. CHELATING AGENT + MICRONUTRIENT = CHELATE (protected micronutrient)
Parameters for choosing the
chelating agent
Stability constant Ka +
CHELATING AGENT + MICRONUTRIENT = CHELATE (protected micronutrient)
* One of the most important factors in choosing the chelate is the constant that measures the strength of the link between the chelating agent and the metal
THE HIGHER IS - log Ka  HIGHER Ka  THE BETTER STABILITY HAS THE CHELATE
[Chelated metal]
- log Ka =
[ CHELATING AGENT ] [ MICRONUTRIENT ]

12. Parameters for choosing the chelating agent Stability constant
Slides
Parameters for choosing the
chelating agent
Stability constant
* The stability constant expressed as log Ka indicates that the greater the constant, the greater the stability
Stability constant
Fe3+
Fe2+
Ca2+
Zn2+
Mn2+
Cu2+
Mg2+
EDTA 25 15 11 16 14 18 9
EDDHA 35
7.2
9.2
7.7 24 ND
CITRATE
5.5
4.7 5
3.5
6.1
2.8
Organic acids 4 3 2
3,2

13. Chemical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates
* Tradecorp is one of the few companies in the world that synthesises and manufactures the EDDHA chelating agent
* Tradecorp offers its own synthesis, chelation and manufacturing technology
* Tradecorp presents its range of chelates in soluble micro-granules (WG) due to the drying technology used in its production plants
* Tradecorp’s chelates have the highest chelation grade
* Quality department, ISO registrations…

14. Differences between different commercial products
* Tradecorp ensures the highest quality and guarantee in the manufacturing process:
- Maximum level of chelation
- Richness guaranteed in micronutrients
- Guarantee in the quality of the chelating agent
The accurate and controlled manufacturing process explains that all the cations are fully chelated:
OTHERS: LOW CHELATION LEVEL

15. Parameters for choosing the chelating agent pH
Slides
Parameters for choosing the chelating agent pH
The chelates are stable in a wide range of pH
Stability range of the chelated fraction 10
EDTA 
EDDHA 

16. Chelate stability in function of pH & type of application
Type of chelating agent
Foliar Application
Acid pH
Alkaline pH
Soil Application
EDTA
(Zn, Mn, Ca, Mg & Mix)
GOOD STABILITY
EDTA Fe
MEDIUM STABILITY
BAD STABILITY
EDDHA Fe
Amino acids
Citric and organic acids

17. Chelates: Unique mode of action
Slides
1 The chelating agent (organic molecule) protects the micronutrient from factors that might cause it to become immobile and blocked in the soil
2 Besides increasing the solubility and mobility of the nutrients in the soil, the chelating agent ensures the nutrients are transferred to the rhizosphere
ABSORPTION OF
MICRONUTRIENTS
IN THE ROOTS WITH
THE APPLICATION OF
CHELATES
CHELATING AGENT
MICRONUTRIENTS
3 The chelating agent releases metal and is absorbed in the rhizosphere (root)
4 The use of chelates ensures the maximum absorption and assimilation of micronutrients by the plant, increasing the performance and quality of the harvest

18. Advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates Vs traditional sources of micronutrients
* Bigger stability in soils, the metal is protected by the chelating agent that avoid interactions with other elements of the soil (carbonates, OM, clay-humic complex, etc.) Lasting availability.
* Bigger stability in tank mix and irrigation water (pH, ions, etc)
* Maximum efficiency with lower dose rates due to the chelated micronutrients being totally available to plants
* Better solubility and less risk of salinity
* Compatible with most agrochemicals and foliar fertilizers
* Greater ease of handling, transport and storage

19. Advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates Vs traditional sources of micronutrients
True chelates
Oxides
Salts
False chelates
Complexes
+ BIO-AVAILABILITY
+ EFFICIENCY
+ SOLUBILITY
+ EASY
5 - 10
5 - 10
2 - 3 1 - +
Required doses

20. Comparison with competitors: sulfates, nitrates, chlorides…
Problems of salts:
1. Low compatibility with pesticides
2. Risk of scorching
3. Solubility
4. Secondary effect on soil (pH, carbonates, ions, clay-humic complex)
Chelates doesn’t react with:
Phosphates OM
Clay-humic complex
AND they are STABLE in a high pH range

21. Trial: Chelates on Foliar Spray (Brazil)
The most commonly used fonts of Mn are MnCl2 and MnSO4.
9 trials to check the efficacy of foliar spray of chelates and the dose reduction.
All the trials shown the same results:
It’s possible to reduce the doses
Tradecorp Mn has good compatibility
Tradecorp Mn prevents Mn deficiency
Tradecorp Mn causes no injuries

22. Tradecorp Mn remains longer time on the leaves!

23. Grammes of Mn applied / ha
Evaluation of the efficacy of Tradecorp Mn against MnSO4 and MnCl2
Effect on Soybean nutrition; Rio Verde Foundation, Brazil. 5 repetitions per treatment.
Treatments and composition:
Treatments
Mn Content (p/p)
Rate
Grammes of Mn applied / ha
MnCl2
17%
1 l/ha
170 g/ha
MnSO4
32%
1 kg/ha
320 g/ha
Tradecorp Mn
(EDTA-Mn)
13%
0,2 kg/ha
26 g/ha

24. a & b = significant statistical difference (α=0,05 on Duncan test)
Results:
Yield of grains, Kg/ha
a & b = significant statistical difference (α=0,05 on Duncan test)
+ 5% a a
+ 1%
4. Conclusion:
Tradecorp Mn performs better than traditional application of salts in soybean, despite a big reduction in the overall quantity of Manganese applied per hectare.

25. Source: Department of Agriculture, Western Australia
Comparison of soil application of 3 Cu fertilizers
100% Yield with Average needs Balance
150 g Cu/ha as Cu-EDTA g/ha CORRECT AND EFFICIENT
450 g Cu/ha as CuSO g/ha EXCESS = POLLUTION
450 g Cu/ha as Cu oxychloride g/ha EXCESS = POLLUTION

26. Physical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates
100% SOLUBLE
1. Rapid and total dissolution in all types of water without forming lumps or sediments
2. Maximum ease of handling compared with other formulations presented as powder
3. Greater ease of handling and storage compared with other liquids and less concentrated formulations

27. Micro granule section
Tradecorp chelates have a full solubility, due to the WG formulation, with big quantity of cavities and holes that increases the contact surface with the water.

28.  100% effective!! Agronomical advantages of Tradecorp´s chelates
* High stability in a wide range of pH, reaching the maximum efficiency in all conditions, even in the most difficult cases
* Maximum efficiency with lower dose rates  100% available
* Optimum solution for hydroponics and fertigation. Avoids blocking of drippers and nozzles
* High level of security as they are not aggressive for plant tissues or the roots
* Long lasting availability
 100% effective!!

29. Product catalogue Ultraferro® Tradecorp® Range Tradecorp® AZ Range
Tradecorp® Ca
Tradecorp® Cu
Tradecorp® Fe
Tradecorp® Mg
Tradecorp® Mn
Tradecorp® Zn
Tradecitrus®
Tradecorp® Range
Tradecorp® AZ Range

30. Tradecorp® Ca Slides * Denomination: EDTA calcium chelate
* Composition: 14% w/w calcium oxide (CaO) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 2 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

31. Tradecorp® Cu Slides * Denomination: EDTA copper chelate
* Composition: 14.5% w/w copper (Cu) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

32. Tradecorp® Fe Slides * Denomination: EDTA iron chelate
* Composition: 13.2% w/w iron (Fe) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 7
* Presentation: Powder (WP)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

33. Tradecorp® Mg Slides * Denomination: EDTA magnesium chelate
* Composition: 10% w/w magnesium oxide
(MgO) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

34. Tradecorp® Mn Slides * Denomination: EDTA manganese chelate
* Composition: 13% w/w manganese (Mn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

35. Tradecorp® Zn Slides * Denomination: EDTA zinc chelate
* Composition: 14% w/w zinc (Zn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops

36. Tradecitrus® Slides * Denomination: EDTA manganese and zinc chelate
* Composition: 6% w/w manganese (Mn) and 8% w/w zinc (Zn) chelated by EDTA and soluble in water
* pH stability range: 4 – 9
* Presentation: Soluble micro-granules (WG)
* Application: Soil (Fertigation) / Hydroponics / Foliar
* Crops: Fruit crops / Vegetables / Forage / Ornamentals / Herbaceous crops