1. What events/ideas led to NATO?

3. Iron Curtain-Bullet list of events Stalin’s Speech- created a agency called cominform intended to direct the activities of Communist parties around the world Stalin’s Speech- created a agency called cominform intended to direct the activities of Communist parties around the world Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech response Churchill’s Iron Curtain Speech response Explained Europe was divided after WWII into 2 political and economic systems Soviet Union & United State Explained Europe was divided after WWII into 2 political and economic systems Soviet Union & United State

4. Western Views of the Iron Curtain Soviet Views of the Iron Curtain Winston Churchill attacked the Soviet Union for creating an Iron Curtain. The term reflected Churchill’s belief that communism had created a sharp division in Europe. Harry S Truman urged his secretary of state to get tough with the Soviets. Stalin believed that the Iron Curtain was necessary to protect the Soviet Union from western attacks. Stalin used Churchill’s words to help persuade his people that the United States and Great Britain were their enemies. He also used this as an excuse to rebuild the military. The Iron Curtain

5. How does the Iron Curtain relate to Containment? Churchill called on Americans to help keep Stalin from closing the iron curtain of Communist dominations and oppression around any more nations Churchill called on Americans to help keep Stalin from closing the iron curtain of Communist dominations and oppression around any more nations

6. Truman Doctrine-Bullet list of events Since 1945- Soviet Union made threats against Turkey (wanted to control area that would give Soviets ports on Black Sea/Med. Sea) Since 1945- Soviet Union made threats against Turkey (wanted to control area that would give Soviets ports on Black Sea/Med. Sea) Greece- Civil war broke out & Communist fought to overthrow gov’t Greece- Civil war broke out & Communist fought to overthrow gov’t Feb. 1947- Britain no longer could afford to provide aid to Greece and Turkey; asked U.S. to take over responsibility for depending nations Feb. 1947- Britain no longer could afford to provide aid to Greece and Turkey; asked U.S. to take over responsibility for depending nations

7. How does the Truman Doctrine relate to Containment? March 1947- Pres. Truman wanted U.S. to take a leadership role and established another policy that guided American actions March 1947- Pres. Truman wanted U.S. to take a leadership role and established another policy that guided American actions Congress- approved $400 million in aid for Greece and Turkey & U.S. est. military bases in both countries Congress- approved $400 million in aid for Greece and Turkey & U.S. est. military bases in both countries Guided U.S. foreign policy for the next 4 decades Guided U.S. foreign policy for the next 4 decades

8. Marshall Plan-Bullet list of events -U.S. would help restore war-torn nations so they could create stable democracies and achieve economic recovery -U.S. would help restore war-torn nations so they could create stable democracies and achieve economic recovery Marshall Plan was a fundamental shift in postwar foreign policy that called on nations of Europe to draw up a program for economic recovery from the war with financial aid Marshall Plan was a fundamental shift in postwar foreign policy that called on nations of Europe to draw up a program for economic recovery from the war with financial aid Responded to concerns that the S.U. was growing stronger across Europe Responded to concerns that the S.U. was growing stronger across Europe Help Europe = European economic recovery, open markets for American goods Help Europe = European economic recovery, open markets for American goods

9. How does the Marshall Plane relate to Containment? This Plan helped establish close ties between Western Europe and the U.S. This Plan helped establish close ties between Western Europe and the U.S. U.S. would support Western European nations with financial end to ensure to contain the Soviet Union and satellite nations to original regions only and ensue they could not expand U.S. would support Western European nations with financial end to ensure to contain the Soviet Union and satellite nations to original regions only and ensue they could not expand

10. Berlin Airlift-Bullet list of events 1948: Western Allies merge 3 occupation zones to create Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) CAPITALIST 1948: Western Allies merge 3 occupation zones to create Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) CAPITALIST 1949: Soviets respond forming German Democratic republic (East Germany) COMMUNIST 1949: Soviets respond forming German Democratic republic (East Germany) COMMUNIST

12. Berlin Airlift-Bullet list of events continued 100,000s Eastern Europeans left home in Communist nations fled to West Berlin to move to U.S., Canada, or Western Europe 100,000s Eastern Europeans left home in Communist nations fled to West Berlin to move to U.S., Canada, or Western Europe Stalin forces Western powers to abandon West Berlin & debate over West German money = block Allied access to West Berlin (severe shortages of food, and other supplies to 2.5 million people in West Berlin) Stalin forces Western powers to abandon West Berlin & debate over West German money = block Allied access to West Berlin (severe shortages of food, and other supplies to 2.5 million people in West Berlin)

13. How does the Berlin Airlift relate to Containment? To avoid war Truman did not use military force to open transportation routes or give up West Berlin to Soviets To avoid war Truman did not use military force to open transportation routes or give up West Berlin to Soviets Began Berlin airlift moving supplies into West Berlin by plane for 15 months (British and American military aircrafts ) Began Berlin airlift moving supplies into West Berlin by plane for 15 months (British and American military aircrafts ) -May 1949 Soviets finally gave up blockade and airlifts ended the following September -May 1949 Soviets finally gave up blockade and airlifts ended the following September The U.S. created a strategy to avoid war but at the same time keep the Soviets at bay to avoid a Communist take over of Berlin. The U.S. created a strategy to avoid war but at the same time keep the Soviets at bay to avoid a Communist take over of Berlin.