1. Andrew Jackson:
1828 – 1836
Era of the Common Man

2. What were the
democratic
trends
in the 19c?

3. Changes in voting requirements
1800 to 1830

4. Jumpstart – In your notebook!
Use the tables to answer the questions.
Write 2 observations you can make about the chart.
What factor best explains the large increase in voters between the election of 1824 and 1828?
Former slaves were emancipated and allowed to vote.
An amendment was enacted ending voting fees.
Women were given the right to vote.
Many states had put an end to property qualifications.
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams
113,122
Andrew Jackson
151,271
Henry Clay
47,531
William Crawford
40,856
Election of 1828
John Quincy Adams
500,897
Andrew Jackson
642,533

5. Expanded Suffrage Suffrage- the right to vote
In the early 1800’s, more people gained the right to vote
States reduced voting restrictions
No more poll taxes or property requirements
1800= 14 states with property requirements to vote
1830= 2 states with property requirements to vote
The “common man” gained voting rights
Helped Jackson win in 1828

6. Jackson's
First
Presidential Run

7. New Political Parties Emerge
No one got the majority of electoral votes
Election thrown into the House and JQ Adams won
Jackson referred to this as the “Corrupt Bargain”
Split the Democratic-Republicans
Democrats
Jackson supporters
National Republicans
Adams supporters

8. Election of 1828 Jackson vs. Adams…AGAIN!
First modern political campaign
Both sides made vicious, personal attacks
Tried to “win” the vote
Jackson aimed his campaign against the wealthy elite (Adams)
He promised to look out for the “common man”
Jackson won both the popular and electoral vote
Jacksonian Democracy: idea of spreading political power to all people and ensuring majority rule

9. 1828 Election Results

10. Jackson’s Presidency Jackson supporters
Rich planters from the South
People on the Western frontier
Middle class (“Common Man”)
Immigrants in the cities
Jackson rewarded his supporters with jobs
Spoils System: winning candidates give government jobs to their supporters
Issues during his presidency
States’ Rights (Nullification)
Role of the National Bank
Status of Native Americans

11. Tariff Simulation Instructions
There are four main groups involved in this activity:
A = BLUE Sellers: Northern merchants who are able to sell their products at a cheaper price without a tariff. Their products will cost $1 each (one ticket).
B = BLUE Purchasers: Northerners who can buy cheaper Northern products due to the tariff and do not have to pay expensive shipping costs since most goods are made in their area.
C = RED Purchasers: Southerners who have to pay expensive shipping prices since most factories are in the North. They can pay either $2 (tickets) for Northern products or $3 (tickets) for British due to the tariff.
D = ORANGE Sellers: British merchants who are charged a tariff on their product because Congress wants to make American products cheaper. Their products will be $3 each.

12. Tariff Simulation Instructions
Both BLUE and RED purchasers will start off with the same amount of money (12 tickets).
Each must also buy everything on their provided shopping list.
Whatever money they have leftover, they can trade in for prizes.
If you are a merchant, you can also receive prizes based on the amount of income you earned at the market.
You will have only 10 minutes to shop/sell.
All of you are being graded on your participation during the activity as well as your discussion afterwards.
HAPPY SHOPPING!

13. Simulation Discussion
Answer the following in your notebook:
Which group did you belong to?
Did you enjoy the simulation? Why or why not?
In your opinion, was the simulation fair? Why or why not?
Would you have enjoyed being in another group more? Why or why not?
After completing this simulation, why do you think Southerners believed tariffs favored the North?
How could the issue of tariffs lead to sectionalism?

14. Nullification and
Tariffs

15. Economies of the North and South
REVIEW! REVIEW! REVIEW!
Economy of the North
Fishing, shipbuilding industry and naval supplies, trade and port cities
Skilled craftsmen, shopkeepers, manufacturing (textiles, tools, metals, building materials, etc.)
Economy of the South
Large farms/plantations, cash crops
(tobacco, indigo, rice, cotton), wood
products, small farms
Slavery

16. REVIEW! REVIEW! REVIEW! What is a TARIFF?
TAX the government puts on imported goods (from other countries)
If you were a FACTORY OWNER or in MANUFACTURING , would you like tariffs?
Yes! Your products would not have an additional tax, so what you make would be cheaper than foreign goods.
If you were a FARMER, would you like tariffs?
No! You depend on foreign nations to buy your crops and in return, you buy their manufactured goods. You are afraid that tariffs will make foreign goods more expensive. If you don’t buy their goods, then they might not buy your crops.

17. Increasing Sectionalism
1820’s and 30’s- Nationalism was replaced by sectionalism
Loyalty to ones state or region over the country
During the same time Congress was arguing over tariffs and their effects on the country
North liked it b/c it made their goods cheaper
South didn’t b/c they depended on foreign trade
Congress passed the largest tariff yet in 1828 to help the growth of manufacturing

18. Nullification
Tariff of Abominations (1828)- tariff that raised the price of imported factory goods by the largest amount yet
Northern factory owners favored the new law since it encouraged people to buy their goods
Southerners opposed it for several reasons:
Tariffs raised the price they paid for factory goods
High tariffs kept foreign countries from trading with the U.S. because it was more expensive
Hurt cotton sales for the South
Believed the a law that favored one section was unconstitutional
Calhoun, Vice President at the time, brought up idea of nullification- states can nullify a law if they see it as unconstitutional

19. South Carolina Threatens to Secede
Tariff brought up the issue of state vs. national government again
Webster-Hayne Debates: 1830 Senate debate over the doctrine of nullification
South Carolina threatened to secede
Jackson was prepared to use military force to keep them in the union
Henry Clay created a compromise bill that gradually lowered the tariff until 1842
Both sides called a truce for the time

20. Let’s Review!
What was one of the South’s objections to the higher tariffs enacted by Congress?
They would allow them access to cheap foreign imports.
They would prevent domestic manufacturing from growing.
They would redistribute wealth among American social classes.
They made it more difficult to export crops.

21. Jump Start Ignite Learning
Write the following questions on your paper before watching the video:
What issue from Jackson’s presidency is shown in the video?
How does this issue relate to the Kentucky and Virginia Resolution?
In your opinion, which side (states or federal government) is correct? Why?

22. Jackson's
Battles
the Bank

23. Issues over the Bank Jackson was against the bank for many reasons:
Thought the bank favored wealthy Northerners
It did not help capitalists in the West
capitalists- someone investing in a business to make profit
He distrusted the bank president, Nicholas Biddle
Jackson vetoed the bill to re-charter the bank (keep it going)
Voters agreed
He was elected for a second term in 1832
He considered this economic democracy

24. Jackson's
Native-American
Policy

25. Jump Start Speaker Occasion Audience Purpose Subject Tone
Complete a basic SOAPStone on the following document:
Speaker
Occasion
Audience
Purpose
Subject
Tone

26. Indian Removal Jackson had little sympathy for Native Americans
Raised on the frontier
By the time he took office, only 125,000 Natives remained east of the Mississippi
Most had fallen prey to war and disease
Majority lived in the southeast
Known as the Five Civilized Tribes
Creek, Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Seminole
Hoping to keep their lands, they adopted many European characteristics and ways of life
i.e. European clothing, owned farms, slaves, had own alphabet and newspaper
Despite the Native’s efforts to assimilate (integrate into English culture), whites decided they had to go as cotton spread west

27. Indian Removal
Indian Removal Act of authorized the president to grant the Indians unsettled lands west of the Mississippi River in exchange for their current land
Some tribes saw no other way out and gave up land
Georgia then passed a law saying that the authority of their state laws now extended over the Cherokee
Chief Justice John Marshall addressed the Indian lands question in two cases
Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia (1831)
Worcester vs. Georgia (1832)

28. Indian Removal Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia 1831
Worcester vs. Georgia 1832
Georgia tried to assert control over Cherokee land
Cherokee appealed to the Supreme Court
The Court ruled that the Cherokees were “a domestic, dependent nation”
They were subject to federal, NOT state law
Georgia law did not affect them
Georgia passed a law requiring any white person who lived on Indian territory to obtain a license from the state
Worcester, a missionary, was put in jail for failing to do so
Does a state have the power to pass laws concerning sovereign Indian nations?
The Court ruled that the Cherokee nation was “a distinct community” with “self-government” in which the laws of Georgia had no force

29. Trail of Tears ( )
Jackson and Georgia ignored the Court’s ruling
Cherokee were forced to give in and sell their land
Any that did not go voluntarily were met with military force
16,000 were gathered into camps and forced into the Indian Territory
Present day Oklahoma
More than ¼ died from exposure and starvation
Became known as the Trail of Tears