1. COMBAT ORDERS

2. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Issue an Operation Order.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom or field environment, given a higher headquarters' operations order and appropriate reference materials and reading assignments.
STANDARDS: Issue an operation order IAW FM 5-0, FM 7-8 and score at least 70% on the Tactics Exam which will include, but is not limited to, questions from this lesson.

3. ADMINISTRATIVE
SAFETY
RISK ASSESSMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL
EVALUATION

4. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE A
ACTION: Define Order.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, given training materials, and reading
assignments.
STANDARDS: State the definition of an order IAW FM 5-0.

5. DEFINE ORDER
Order: A communication, written, oral or by signal, which conveys instruction from a superior to a subordinate. In a broad sense, the terms “order” and “command” are synonymous. However, an order implies discretion as to the details of execution, whereas a command does not (JP 1-02).
FM 5-0 page: G-4, Glossary-16

6. TWO TYPES OF ORDERS
Administrative Orders: cover normal administrative operations in garrison or in the field. They include general, specific, and memorandum orders; courts-martial orders; bulletins, circulars and other memoranda.
Combat Orders: pertain to strategic, operational, or tactical operations and their service support.

7. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE B
ACTION: Identify the five types of combat orders.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, given training materials, and reading
assignments.
STANDARDS: Identify the five combat orders IAW FM 5-0, FM 7-8 and score at least 70% on the tactics exam which will include, but is not limited to, questions from this lesson.

8. FIVE COMBAT ORDERS OPERATION ORDERS (OPORD) SERVICE SUPPORT ORDERS
MOVEMENT ORDERS
WARNING ORDERS (WARNO)
FRAGMENTARY ORDERS (FRAGO)

9. OPERATION ORDER (OPORD)
An operation order is a directive issued by a commander to subordinate commanders for the purpose of effecting the coordinated execution of an operation (JP 1-102)
Contains as a minimum, descriptions of the following:
Task organization
Situation
Mission
Execution
Administrative and logistic support
Command and signal for the specified operation.
OPORDs always specify an execution date and time.
FM 5-0 page G-5

10. SERVICE
SUPPORT ORDER
A service support order is an order that directs the service and support of operations, including administrative movements.
Provides information to support elements and serves as a basis for the orders of supporting missions. Service and Support orders may be issued with an OPORD.
FM 5-0 page G-5

11. MOVEMENT ORDER
A movement order is an order issued by a commander covering the details for a move of the command (JP 1-02).
Usually concerns administrative moves that normally occur in the communications area or rear areas.
A stand alone order that facilitates an uncommitted unit’s movement. Typically administrative, troops and vehicles are arranged to expedite their movement to conserve time and energy when no enemy interference is anticipated.
FM 5-0 page G-5

12. WARNING ORDER
(WARNO)
The warning order is a preliminary notice of an order or action, which is to follow (JP 1-02).
WARNOs maximize subordinates planning time, provide essential details of the impending operation, and detail events that accompany preparation and execution
Does not authorize execution other than planning unless specifically stated.
Maps, enemy situation, higher mission, commander’s intent (if available), recon & surveillance orders, planning considerations.
FM 5-0 page G-6

13. FRAGMENTARY ORDER (FRAGO)
A fragmentary order is an abbreviated form of an operation order (verbal, written, or digital) usually issued on a day-to-day basis that eliminates the need for restating information contained in a basic operation order.
Addresses only those parts of the original OPORD that have changed.
Commanders may authorize members of their staff to issue FRAGOs in their name.
FM 5-0 page G-6

14. ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVE C
ACTION: Identify the elements of a five paragraph operation order.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom environment, given training materials, and reading
assignments.
STANDARDS: Identify the elements of a five paragraph operation order IAW FM 5-0, FM 7-8 and score at least 70% on the tactics exam which will include, but is not limited to, questions from this lesson.

15. OPORD Essential Elements
Task Organization
Terrain Analysis
Situation
Mission
Execution
Service Support
Command and Signal

16. OPORD Task Organization
Task organization is always given before the situation paragraph. This lets subordinates know what assets they have for the mission.
Two formats…outlined and matrix. Sequence is the same for both methods
FM 7-8 chapter 2
FM 5-0 page: F-7

17. (Use a Sand Table, Overlay or Sketch)
TERRAIN
Analysis
Neither FM 5-0 nor FM 7-8 specifically
require a terrain analysis paragraph in a
written operation order, but both manuals
emphasize the need to conduct a terrain
analysis, and then communicate the results of that analysis to subordinates by writing a brief synopsis of the terrain, using OCOKA or OAKOC depending on which reference you are using as guide.
(Use a Sand Table, Overlay or Sketch)
OCOKA – FM 7-8 page: 2-8
OAKOC – FM 5-0 page: 4-8

18. 1. SITUATION a. Enemy Forces Disposition, Composition, and Strength.
Capabilities.
Most probable course of action (COA)
FM 7-8 chapter 2

19. SITUATION B. Friendly Forces
Higher units. A verbatim statement of the higher unit Commander’s Mission Statement from paragraph 2 and the concept of the operation statement from paragraph 3a.
Left unit’s mission.
Forward unit’s mission.
Right unit’s mission.
Mission of the unit in reserve or following.
Units in support or reinforcing the higher unit.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

20. SITUATION Attachments / Detachments
Do not repeat information already listed under Task Organization or in the annex A (Task Organization). Try to put all information in the task organization and state, “See Task Organization” or “See Annex A” here.
Otherwise list units attached or detached to the headquarters that issues the order.
State when attachment or detachment is effective if different from the effective time of the OPLAN/OPORD (such as on-order or on commitment of the reserve)
FM 5-0 page: G-22

21. 2. MISSION
Provide a clear concise statement of the task to be accomplished and the purpose for doing it.
Five Ws: Who, What - Task, When, Where & Why - Purpose.
The leader derives the mission statement from his mission analysis.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

22. 3. EXECUTION
COMMANDER’S INTENT: The stated VISION that defines the purpose of the operation and the relationship among the force, the enemy and the terrain.
The Commander’s expected endstate of the mission.
The result the Commander expects the unit to accomplish in a specific operation.

23. EXECUTION Concept of Operations:
Explain, in general terms, how the UNIT, as a whole will accomplish the mission.
Identify the most important task (mission essential task) and any other essential task.
Limit this to six sentences.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

24. Concept of Operations Cont.
EXECUTION
Concept of Operations Cont.
1. Maneuver: Address all SUB-UNITS and attachments by name, giving each of them a specified task.
Designate the UNIT’S main effort.
All other tasks must relate to the main effort.

25. Concept of Operations Cont.
EXECUTION
Concept of Operations Cont.
2. Fires: Refer to the fire support overlay target list. Describe the fire support to synchronize and complement the scheme of maneuver. Address priority of fires, changes, priority targets, who controls them and any restrictions.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

26. EXECUTION
Scheme of maneuver
b. Task to Maneuver Units: Specify tasks, other than those listed in paragraph 3a(1), and task and purpose for each element. State any priority or sequence.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

27. EXECUTION
Tasks to Combat Support Units: List tasks to CS units in subparagraphs in the order they appear in the task organization.
Coordinating Instructions: List only instructions applicable to two or more units and not routinely covered in unit SOPs.
FM 5-0 page G-25

28. Coordinating Instructions Cont.
EXECUTION
Coordinating Instructions Cont.
Time or condition when a plan or an order becomes effective.
Commander’s critical information requirements (CCIR). List once only here.
Priority intelligence requirements (PIR).
Essential elements of friendly information (EEFI).
Friendly force information requirements (FFIR).
FM 5-0 page G-25

29. Coordinating Instructions Cont.
EXECUTION
Coordinating Instructions Cont.
Risk reduction control measures. These are measures unique to this operation and not included in unit SOPs and can include mission-oriented protective posture, operational exposure guidance, troop-safety criteria (corps only), vehicle recognition signals, and fratricide prevention measures.
Rules of engagement (ROE). (NOTE: ROE can be addressed within its Annex.)
Environmental considerations.
Force protection.
Any additional coordinating instructions.
FM 5-0 page G-25

30. SERVICE SUPPORT
Address service support as needed to clarify the service support concept.
Refer to annexes, if required.
Subparagraphs can include: Support concept, Materiel and Services, Health Service support, Personnel Service support.
Support Concept. State the concept of logistics support to provide non-CSS commanders and their staffs a visualization of how the operation will be logistically supported.
FM 5-0 page: G-26

31. SERVICE SUPPORT Supply – Transportation – INFIL / EXFIL
Continued
Supply –
Info on all classes of supply (Class I-IX)
Constraints and limitations
Distribution methods & schedule
Other info which alters how supplies are normally handled
Transportation – INFIL / EXFIL
Services – SUPPORT GROUP
Maintenance – PLAN
Medical Evacuation – PLAN, medical details specific to the organization.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

32. SERVICE SUPPORT
Continued
C. Personnel: Identify the EPW collection points and info on the handling of EPWs.
D. Miscellaneous: Destruction of supplies and anything not covered elsewhere.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

33. COMMAND AND SIGNAL Command: Location of higher CMD and CP.
Location of platoon leader or CP.
Location of PSG or alternate CP.
Succession of command.
FM 7-8 chapter 2

34. COMMAND AND SIGNAL SIGNAL: 1. ANCD/SOI INDEX in effect
2. Listening / silence
3. Method of communication internal
A. Visual / Radio
B. Primary / Alternate
C. Day / Night
4. Code words: challenge and pass, call-signs, number combinations
FM 7-8 chapter 2

35. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
At completion of the order, or if the order is complex, ask for any questions at the end of each stage.
Ask questions of subordinates and designate time for brief back.
Synchronization of watches / timings

36. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE
ACTION: Issue an Operation Order.
CONDITIONS: In a classroom or field environment, given a higher headquarters operation order, and appropriate reference materials and reading assignments.
STANDARDS: Issue an operation order IAW FM 5-0, FM 7-8 and score at least 70% on the Tactics Exam which will include, but is not limited to, questions from this lesson.