1. Earth Science Topic #9/10 Review Game7 13 19 25 2 8 14 20 26 3 9 15 21 27 4 10 16 22 28 5 11 17 23 29 6 12 18 24 30

2. Which sediment is most easily picked up and transported by the wind?
a. cobbles
b. pebbles
c. sand
d. silt
200 pts!

3. Which statement best describes sediments deposited by glaciers and rivers?
a. Glacial deposits and river deposits are both sorted.
b. Glacial deposits are sorted, and river deposits are unsorted.
c. Glacial deposits are unsorted, and river deposits are sorted.
d. Glacial deposits and river deposits are both unsorted.
250 pts!

4. In what way is a pebble probably changing as it is carried by a mountain stream?
a. Its density is decreasing.
b. Its mass is decreasing.
c. Its particle size is increasing.
d. Its hardness is increasing.
500 pts!

5. The four objects below are made of the same material and have the same mass. Which object will settle fastest in calm water?
250 pts! A B C D

6. Base your answer on the map which shows the large delta that formed as the Mississippi River emptied into the Gulf of Mexico.
Which process was primarily responsible for the formation of the delta?
a. glacial erosion
b. cementation of sediment
c. deposition of sediment
d. mass movement
250 pts!

7. Base your answer on the diagram below, which shows a meandering stream
Base your answer on the diagram below, which shows a meandering stream. Letters A, B, C, and D indicate locations on the streambed.
At which two locations is the rate of erosion greater than the rate of deposition?
a. A and B
b. B and C
c. C and D
d. D and A
500 pts!

8. Base your answer on the diagram below which shows the sequence of events leading to the deposition of landslide debris.
What was the primary force that caused this landslide?
a. gravity
b. moving ice
c. prevailing winds
d. stream discharge
400 pts!

9. What is the minimum water velocity needed in a stream to maintain the transportation of the smallest boulder?
a. 100 cm/sec
b. 200 cm/sec
c. 300 cm/sec
d. 500 cm/sec
250 pts!

10. A stream flowing at a velocity of 250 centimeters per second is transporting sediment particles ranging in size from clay to cobbles. Which transported particles will be deposited by the stream if its velocity decreases to 100 centimeters per second?
a. cobbles, only
b. cobbles and some pebbles, only
c. cobbles, pebbles, and some sand, only
d. cobbles, pebbles, sand, slit, and clay
300 pts!

11. Base your answer on the cross section below which shows sedimentary rocks being eroded by water at a waterfall.
The sedimentary rock layers are being weathered and eroded at different rates primarily because the rock layers
a. formed during different time periods
b. contain different fossils
c. have different compositions
d. are horizontal
200 pts!

12. Base your answer on the diagram below
Base your answer on the diagram below. The diagram shows points A, B, C, and D on a meandering stream.
400 pts!
Which material is most likely to be transported in suspension during periods of slowest stream velocity?
a. gravel
b. sand
c. silt
d. clay

13. Base your answer on the cross section below which shows a stream flowing downhill. Points A through D are locations in the stream.
200 pts!
At which point would most deposition occur?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D

14. Base your answer on the cross section below which shows a soil profile.
500 pts!
This soil was formed primarily by
a. erosion by glaciers
b. erosion by running water
c. capillarity and human activity
d. weathering and biological activity

15. Base your answer on the diagram which represents a profile of a mountain glacier in the northern United States.
150 pts!
If the climate warms, causing the glacier to melt away, the region that the glacier formerly occupied will be a
a. U-shaped valley with polished bedrock
b. V-shaped valley with jagged bedrock
c. flat plain with bedrock that has been metamorphosed
d. deep ocean trench with bedrock that has been melted and cooled

16. What is the best evidence that a glacial erratic has been transported?
a. It is located at a high elevation in a mountainous area.
b. It is less than 25 centimeters in diameter.
c. Its composition is different from that of the bedrock under it.
d. It appears to have been intensely metamorphosed.
450 pts!

17. Base your answer on the model shown below which illustrates stream erosion between locations A and B in the stream.
400 pts!
Placing a second block under location A will cause the stream's velocity to
a. decrease and the rate of erosion to decrease
b. decrease and the rate of erosion to increase
c. increase and the rate of erosion to decrease
d. increase and the rate of erosion to increase

18. Which property of water makes frost action a common and effective form of weathering?
a. Water dissolves many earth materials.
b. Water expands when it freezes.
c. Water cools the surroundings when it evaporates.
d. Water loses 334 Joules of heat per gram when it freezes.
200 pts!

19. Base your answer on the demonstration shown in the diagram below which indicates that powdered limestone reacts faster than a single large piece of limestone of equal mass when both are placed in acid.
300 pts!
The most likely reason powdered limestone reacts faster is that it has
a. less total volume
b. more chemical bonds
c. more total surface area
d. lower density

20. A major difference between sediments in the outwash and sediments in the moraines is that the sediments deposited in the outwash are
a. larger
b. sorted
c. more angular
d. older
450 pts!

21. 300 pts! The diagram below represents a geologic cross section.
Which statement best explains why the conglomerate appears to be the most weathered bedrock?
a. The conglomerate particles are large.
b. The conglomerate is composed of quartz cobbles and pebbles.
c. The conglomerate underlies a steeper-sloped surface.
d. The conglomerate has been exposed to weathering the longest.
300 pts!

22. Base your answer on The generalized cross section below shows the sedimentary rock layers at Niagara Falls in western New York State.
Which rock layer appears to be most resistant to weathering and erosion?
a. Lockport dolostone
b. Rochester shale
c. Grimsby sandstone
d. Queenston shale
200 pts!

23. Which statement best characterizes the soils found in New York State?
a. All the soil has been removed by glaciation.
b. Wind erosion has been the dominant agent in soil formation.
c. Transported soils are similar in composition to underlying bedrock.
d. Transported soils are far more common than residual soils.
200 pts!

24. Base your answer on the graph below, which shows the effect that average yearly precipitation and temperature have on the type of weathering that will occur in a particular region.
The amount of chemical weathering will increase if
a. air temperature decreases and precipitation decreases
b. air temperature decreases and precipitation increases
c. air temperature increases and precipitation decreases
d. air temperature increases and precipitation increases
200 pts!
350 pts!

25. Sharp-edged, irregularly shaped sediment particles found at the base of a rock cliff were probably transported by
a. gravity
b. wind
c. ocean waves
d. running water
250 pts!

26. 300 pts! How are dissolved materials carried in a river?
a. in solution
b. in suspension
c. by precipitation
d. by bouncing and rolling
300 pts!

27. Landscapes will undergo the most chemical weathering if the climate is
a. cool and dry
b. cool and wet
c. warm and dry
d. warm and wet
300 pts!

28. Base your answer on the landscape diagram which shows a fan-shaped pattern of sediment deposits.
The fan-shaped pattern of these sediments is most likely the result of deposition by
a. glacial ice
b. ocean waves
c. running water
d. prevailing winds
200 pts!

29. Which characteristic would most likely remain constant when a limestone cobble is subjected to extensive abrasion?
a. shape
b. mass
c. volume
d. composition
350 pts!

30. Which graph best represents the relationship between the slope of a river and the particle size that can be transported by that river? A B
200 pts! C D

31. Which quartz sample has probably undergone abrasion in a stream for the longest period of time?
250 pts!