1. Susan Ebbers 20051 English Words from Latin & Greek Increase spelling, vocabulary, and reading comprehension

2. Susan Ebbers 20052 How many words are there in the English Language? The Second Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary contains full entries for 171,476 words in current use, and 47,156 obsolete words. To this may be added around 9,500 derivative words included as subentries. Over half of these words are nouns, about a quarter adjectives, and about a seventh verbs; the rest is made up of interjections, conjunctions, prepositions, suffixes, etc.

3. Susan Ebbers 20053 Yea, yea, so get to the point… This suggests that there are, at the very least, a quarter of a million distinct English words, excluding inflections, and words from technical and regional vocabulary not covered by the OED, or words not yet added to the published dictionary, of which perhaps 20 per cent are no longer in current use. If distinct senses were counted, the total would probably approach….

4. Susan Ebbers 20054 Are you ready for this? Three quarters of a million 750,000

5. Susan Ebbers 20055 Basic Terms root form: a word with no prefix or suffix added; may also be referred to as a base word inspector, thermal affix: meaningful part of a word attached before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning prefix: an affix which is placed before the stem of a word re-, un-, dis- suffix: an affix which is placed after the stem of a word - able, -ive, -ly

6. Susan Ebbers 20056

7. root + suffix I Do astrology astro = stars -logy = study of So it means: "the study of stars” We Do biology bio = life -logy = study of So it means: “the study of life” How did I determine the meaning of astrology? Frame: “We determined the meaning of astrology by ______________.” P/S; NV How did we know biology meant ‘the study of life’? Frame: “We knew that biology meant ‘the study of life’ because _______________________.” P/S; NV

8. prefix + root I Do empathy em- = having pathy = feeling So it means: “having feeling” The soldier had empathy for the prisoner. We Do enamor en- = having amor = love What does enamor mean? “having love” How do you know that? P/S; NV

9. root + root I Do pseudonym pseudo = false nym = name ”false name” Samuel Clemens wrote under the pseudonym “Mark Twain.” We Do aqueduct aque = water duct = to lead/pull What is an aqueduct used for? How do you know that? P/S, non-volunteer

10. prefix + root + suffix I Do retrospective retro = backwards spect = look -ive = having quality of “quality of looking backward” History is a retrospective way of looking at life. We Do carnivore carni = meat vor = eat -e = one who “one who eats meat” What does carnivore mean? How did you know? P/S, volunteer

11. Susan Ebbers 200511 20 Most Frequent Prefixes in School Texts 1. unable 2. review inedible (impotent, illegal, irresponsible) distrust enlighten (empower) nonsense inside, implant overcome misguidedsubmarineprefixinterruptforewarn derailtransfersupersonicsemicircleantitrust midtermunderfed Analysis: White, Sowell, and Yanagihara 1989

12. Meanings Un-not Re-Again Dis-Not/Opposite Mis-wrongly De-Opposite/Reverse In/Im/Il/Irr-Not Ante/Pre-Before Semi-Partially Non-Not Sub-Under/Below Mid-Middle Inter-InAmong En-Made of/ Related Trans-Across/ Through Fore-Before Anti-Against 12

13. Susan Ebbers 200513 Derivational Suffixes Derivational suffixes change the part of speech words ending with –tion are often nouns words ending with –ive are often adjectives words ending with –ish are often adjectives words ending with –ity are often nouns What about -ment, -ous, -ness?

14. Common Suffixes Able/ Ible-can be done Ial/Ic-Characteristic of En-Made Of Er-Comparative/ one who Ful-full of Ion/Ition/Ation/Ition- act/ process Ity-State of Less-Without Ment-Action or Process Ness-State/Condition of Ous/Eous/Ious-Having the qualities of Susan Ebbers 200514

15. What’s the Meaning Unmanageable Redo Transsiberian Antebellium Misbehave Unafrid Precook Admirable Blacken Cheerful Collectible Infection Nervously Thicknes Susan Ebbers 200515

16. Susan Ebbers 200516 Greek Combining Forms Hydro-waterGeo-earth Pyro-firePolis-cityNeuro-nerve Ortho- straight Scope- See/ look Photo-light Therm-heatPsych-the mind Chron-timePhobe- fear Pseud-fake Onym-nameCrypt- hidden Helio-sun logy-to talkSphere- ball the, theo

17. Susan Ebbers 200517 Counting in Greek and Latin Mono-1Uni-1Di-2 Bi-2du, duo-2Tri-3 Tetra-4Quadri-4Penta-5 Hexa-6Sept-7Oct-8 Nove-9Deca-10Deci-10 Cent-100Milli-1000Poly-many Multi- many Semi-halfHemi-half

18. Find the Meaning Monotheism Bicycle Pentagon Chronology Pyromania Hydrophobic Anapolis Pseudonym Hexagram Semicircle Susan Ebbers 200518

19. Susan Ebbers 200519 Developing content-specific, academic vocabulary depends on a basic understanding of Greek and Latin Sixty percent of the words in English texts are of Latin and Greek origin Bear et al., 1996; Henry, 1997

20. Susan Ebbers 200520 Content-Specific Greek Terms Anatomy and Medical Terms esophagus, thyroid, diagnosis, psoriasis, dyslexia Studies and Sciences biology, seismology, morphology, geochronometry Animals and Plants arachnid, amphibian, chlorophyll, dinosaur, nectar Theatre and the Arts charisma, drama, chorus, muse, symphony, acoustics

21. Susan Ebbers 200521 Look Inside—Look Outside pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis 1.Look inside the word for known word parts: prefixes, roots or combining forms, suffixes. 2.Use the analogy strategy—“I don’t know this word, but I know pneumonia and I know volcano, so by analogy, this word might have something to do with lungs and heat.” 3.Look outside the word at context clues, visuals The coal miners, coughing and wheezing, suffered from pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

22. Activity In groups of 2 you will play memory with prefixes and suffixes. As we do this, groups will be called to the front table to go through magazines to find pictures representing an affixed word. Put the picture and your word on the poster board along with your initials. Example: Pyromaniac-fire 22