1. TURBULENT YEARS AFTER THE INDEPENDENCE India’s Quest for Stability

2. The Partition Process  Agony and Ecstasy of the Independence  Riots and Violence  Radcliffe Award and the British Retreat  Political Extremists and Escalation of Violence  Mass Exodus in search of safe heavens  Gandhi’s Final Struggle  Banning of RSS  Settling Refugees  Nehru’s Trying Moments  Quest for Secular State

3. Chasing of Ideas  From this standpoint, sanctioned by the experience of shrewd old nations, the foreign races in Hindusthan must either adopt the Hindu culture and language, must learn to respect and hold in reverence Hindu religion, must entertain no idea but those of the glorification of the Hindu race and culture, i.e. of the Hindu nation, and must lose their separate existence to merge in the Hindu race; or may stay in the country, wholly subordinated to the Hindu Nation, claiming nothing, deserving no privileges, far less any preferential treatment -- not even citizen's rights. Madhav Golwalkar  those Hindus and Muslims who are always looking backward, always clutching the things which are slipping away from their grasp, are a singularly pathetic sight. I do not wish to damn the past or to reject it, for there is so much which is singularly beautiful in our past, that will endure I have no doubt. But it is not the beautiful that these people clutch at, but something that is seldom worthwhile and is often harmful. Jawaharlal Nehru

4. Kashmir: Paradox in Paradise  Provisions for Princely States  Kashmir Question  Sheikh Abdullah and Popular movements against Princely Despotism  Intransigence of Maharaja and Praja Samity  Rebellion and ‘ Tribal Incursion’  Treaty of accession  India’s Demand for Plebiscite in UN

5. Unifying Princely States  Hyderabad and Rise of Revolution  Patel’s Persuasion of Indian Princes  Arrangement of Privy Purses  Unification of India through Pressure and Popular Sanction  End of Princely Despotism

6. Failed Communist Revolution  Tebhaga Movement and the Demand of Share Croppers  Rebellion in Tripura  Popular uprising in Kerala  Labor Unrest and the Division of AITUC  New Labor Legislations aiming to tame Labor unrest  Path for State Regulated Capitalism and Mixed Economy

7. New India: A Grand Compromise  Quest for Political Center  Making of Secularism with Majoritarian Characteristics  Compromise between Unitary State and Federalism  Mixed Economy: State Regulated Capitalism  End of Princely Autocracy but Persistence of Landlordism  New Forms of Class Alliances