1. AUDIENCE Lesson aim: learners will be able to relate audience theories to their productions

5. WHY?

7. What affects do you think these films had on a passive audience?

17. Give some examples of why we watch television

18. Information finding out about relevant events and conditions in immediate surroundings, society and the world seeking advice on practical matters or opinion and decision choices satisfying curiosity and general interest learning; self-education gaining a sense of security through knowledge Personal Identity finding reinforcement for personal values finding models of behaviour identifying with valued other (in the media) gaining insight into one's self Integration and Social Interaction gaining insight into circumstances of others; social empathy identifying with others and gaining a sense of belonging finding a basis for conversation and social interaction having a substitute for real-life companionship helping to carry out social roles enabling one to connect with family, friends and society

19. Entertainment escaping, or being diverted, from problems relaxing getting intrinsic cultural or aesthetic enjoyment filling time emotional release sexual arousal (McQuail 1987: 73)

21. Richard Kilborn (1992: 75-84) A major focus for research into why and how people watch TV has been the genre of soap opera. Adopting a U & G perspective, Richard Kilborn (1992: 75-84) offers the following common reasons for watching soaps: regular part of domestic routine and entertaining reward for work launchpad for social and personal interaction fulfilling individual needs: a way of choosing to be alone or of enduring enforced loneliness identification and involvement with characters (perhaps cathartic) escapist fantasy (American supersoaps more fantastical) focus of debate on topical issues a kind of critical game involving knowledge of the rules and conventions of the genre

23. McQuail, Blumler and Brown (1972) Gratifications of TV Quiz Shows: Selected Responses Self-Rating Appeal – I can compare myself with the experts – I like to imagine that I am on the programme and doing well – I feel pleased that the side I favour has actually won – I am reminded of when I was in school – I laugh at the contestants’ mistakes Basis for Social Interaction – I look forward to talking about it with others – I like competing with other people watching with me – I like working together with the family on the answers – The children get a lot out of it – It brings the family together sharing the same interest

24. It is a topic of conversation afterwards Excitement Appeal I like the excitement of a close finish I like to forget my worries for a while I like trying to guess the winner Having got the answer right I feel really good I get involved in the competition Educational Appeal I find I know more than I thought I find I have improved myself I feel respect for the people on the programme I think over some of the questions afterwards It’s educational

28. Useful websites http://hallcrossmedia.wordpress.com/2011/0 1/26/audience/ http://hallcrossmedia.wordpress.com/2011/0 1/26/audience/