2. Energy producing pathways PHOTOSYNTHESIS I. Preview of photosynthesis II. Photosynthetic reactions III. Light dependent reactions IV. Light independent reactions V. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis RESPIRATION I. ATP producing pathways II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction B. Glycolysis C. Krebs Cycle D. Electron transport and chemiosmosis III. Anaerobic respiration IV. Fermentation A. Lactate fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation V. The metabolism of energy sources VI. The carbon cycle

3. Photosynthesis I. Preview of photosynthesis II. Photosynthetic reactions III. Light dependent reactions IV. Light independent reactions V. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis 6CO 2 +6H 2 OC 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 Light energy

4. III. Light dependent reactions Capturing of light: chlorophyll Production of ATP/ NADPH Photo ATP synthase phosphorylation 2H 2 O 4H + + 4e - + O 2

5. IV. Light independent reactions Rubisco Glucose CO 2 Fixation

6. V. Summary of events and importance of photosynthesis primary producers Oxidation or reduction? Catabolic or anabolic? Light energy 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

7. What is the fate of the electrons that are split from water? a. they are absorbed by oxygen b. they are used in electron transport to generate ATP c. they diffuse out of the plant d. they are absorbed by NADPH e. more than one of these is correct

8. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of RUBISCO? a. it fixes carbon into the Calvin cycle b. it is a protein c. it is the most common enzyme in the world d. it makes really good crackers

9. Which of the following is the second step in the light dependent reactions? a. photolysis b. phosphorylation c. capturing of light by chlorophyll d. electron transport

10. Which of the following is correct about photosynthesis? a. it is overall a process of reduction b. it is overall, endergonic c. it is overall, anabolic d. it is in the end creating potential energy e. all of the above

12. Respiration I. ATP producing pathways II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction B. Glycolysis C. Krebs Cycle D. Electron transport and chemiosmosis III. Anaerobic respiration IV. Fermentation A. Lactate fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation V. The metabolism of energy sources VI. The carbon cycle

13. I. ATP producing pathways Pathway Yield ATP per glucose Who does itWhere its doneO 2 ? Aerobic respiration 36-38 Most prokaryotes; All eukaryotes Cytoplasm, mitochondria essential Anaerobic respiration 10-38Some prokaryotes Cytoplasm toxic Fermentation2 Some prokaryotes; some eukaryotes Cytoplasminhibits

14. II. Aerobic respiration A. Overview of the reaction 3 steps 1. glycolysis 2. Citric Acid cycle 3. Oxidative phosphorylation

15. What is the function of NADH? a. to provide energy for endergonic reactions b. to carry electrons to electron transport chains c. to facilitate the breakdown of glucose d. to carry ATP across the mitochondrial membrane

16. B. Glycolysis

17. Takes place? End result Products

18. Where does glycolysis take place? a. the inner membrane of the mitochondrion b. in the cytoplasm c. the outer membrane of the mitochondrion d. on the ribosome How many NADH are generated in glycolysis? a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 8

19. How many ATP are produced in glycolysis? a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 8 What is the first step of glycolysis? a. phosphorylation of glucose b. generation of ATP c. generation of NADH d. splitting of glucose

20. What is the main purpose of the glycolysis and the Citric Acid cycle? a. generation of ATP b. production of CO2 c. generation of NADH d. splitting of glucose

21. Mitochondrion structure Bridge Step

22. C. Citric Acid Cycle Takes place? End result Products

23. How many ATP are produced in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 8 How many NADH are generated in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 6 How many CO 2 are generated in the Citric Acid cycle? a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 6

24. D. Oxidative Phosphorylation Takes place?End result?Products? Final e - acceptor Oxidation or reduction? Electron donors

25. What does the flow of electrons in e - transport generate? a. protons b. ATP c. NADH d. bioelectricity For what is the bioelectricity generated used? a. to phosphorylate ADP b. to generate e - carriers c. to power protein pumps to pump protons d. to energize O 2

26. If a poison blocked the oxidation of NADH, which process would stop first? a. glycolysis b. Krebs cycle c. electron transport d. chemiosmosis What does glucose provide directly for aerobic respiration? a.Energy for metabolism b.Energy for ATP c.Electrons for NAD+ d.Bioelectricity for electron transport

27. Aerobic Respiration Summary

28. III. Anaerobic respiration Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, Oxidative phosphorylation Yield? Oxygen? Who does it? Archaea Clostridium botulina methanogens CO 2 CH 4 NO 3 - NH 3

29. What is the main difference in the process of anaerobic respiration versus aerobic? a.There is no difference b.Anaerobic is done by prokaryotes and aerobic by eukaryotes c. The final electron acceptor is different d. The maximum number of ATP generated is different

30. IV. Fermentation A. Lactic acid fermentation B. Alcoholic fermentation Yield? Oxygen? Who does it?

31. Fermentation summary

32. What is the purpose of the last step (s) in glycolysis? a.Generation of ATP b.Recycling of NAD+ c.Production of CO2 d.Splitting of glucose

33. V. The metabolism of energy sources

35. VI. The carbon cycle

37. The end