2. Commercial Surgical Simulators An overview
by Zaheer Mukhtar

3. Laparoscopic Surgery

5. Used in Laparoscopy

6. Laparoscopic simulators
What is Laparoscopic Simulator ?
Why do we need simulators?
Current simulators and technology in the market?

7. Why do we need simulators?
Unethical to perform on practice on human being
Affordable
No time limitation
Risk free practice
No infection worries
Safety from serious accidents

8. Box Trainers

9. Immersion Market leaders in “ Science of touch”.
CathSim (Vascular access simulator).
AccuTouch(Endovascular simulation & Endoscopy Simu.

10. Mentice MIST-VR (1990 s) Does not provide actual surgical environment.
Collaborated with Sim-Surgery
A/S to develop Key surgical
activities KSA.
Advance activities such as,
suturing, knot tying, needle
passing and stitching.
Procedicus for MIST and KSA
modules, haptic from immersion.
Price 16000$-25000$

11. Surgical Science AB LapSim (2002), virtual laparoscopic interface.
LapSim Basic 2.0 released (2003), 9 tasks with 3 level of difficulties.
Provides performance evaluation
LapSim Gyn and LapSim
Dissections modules
LapSim basic around 50,000$
16,000$ each module.

12. Simbionix Ltd. LapMentor (2003) with 3 modules Basic Task Module
Camera manipulation, hand-eye coordination, clip applying translocation of objects.
Procedural Tasks module
Step by step Cholecystectomy with video tutorials
Virtual Patient Module
CT and MRI library, combine various cases of CT and MRI over a virtual patient
Price 90,000$

13. RoSS Simulator (for practicing for Devinci)

14. Reachin Technologies AB
Reachin Laparoscopic Trainer (RLT) 2002.
2004, collaboration with Mentice AB.
Two modules
RLT-B
Basic laparoscopic skills only
RLT-BC
Full simulation of
laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
Unique Feature is option for haptic

15. Over all Comparison

16. Sofie (Robot for surgery)