1. The Roaring Twenties

2. 1920’s Decade of prosperity, fun and wild living Era of the “Jazz Age” New music Fashion Fads Not ___________for everyone

3. Adjustment Period Most soldiers returned home 1919 No steady ________ for veterans No special _________ services Few ________ Employers got rich, but veterans did not receive any $$ Wages did not cover the cost of _____

4. Workers Unrest Strikes: workers demand _________, better ____________________, ____________ _______ union leaders were more socialist than East coast Socialist: political and economic system where _________ and distribution are ________ owned for the benefit of all members in society, people should have more involvement in the government

5. Workers (cont.) Western union leaders influence by 1917 revolution in Russia, Bolsheviks set up a ____________ regime Communism: means of production and distribution were _________ owned, no private or individual ownership

6. Workers Unrest (cont.) Western Labour Conference in March 1919 created One Big Union One Big Union – represent all Canadian __________ in one organization Help workers establish more control of industry government through ____________ means

7. Winnipeg General Strike May 1919: Winnipeg’s metal and building workers walked off their jobs Demanded higher wages, shorter work week, right to ___________________ (negotiations between workers and management) Winnipeg was at a standstill: no firefighters, postal workers, telephone or telegraph services, newspapers, streetcars, bread/milk deliveries

8. The Winnipeg General Strike (cont.) Business leaders, politicians industrialists formed _______________________________ _______________________________ Committee believed that union leaders were trying to overthrow the government Government amended the _____________________ to allow foreign born union leaders to be deported Special police, fired civic workers, strike leaders arrested

9. Bloody Saturday June 21, 1919: union held parade to protest The mayor read the ____________ a law declaring a grouping of more than 12 people to be unlawfully assembled The protest turned violent; Royal North West Mounted Police and special police charged crowd

10. Strike Aftermath Seven arrested leaders were convicted of _______________ Striking workers not rehired Divisions between ___________ and business class grew

11. Federalism Regionalism: concern of various different ___________ of the country with their own _________ problems Maritimes population is a small region therefore they had ________ seats in parliament Oil replaced coal, yet Maritimes had coal Formed _____________________________

12. Federalism/Regionalism (cont.) There were also regional challenges from Prairies and Ontario Farmers angered by _____________ because tariffs/duties placed on foreign goods imported into Canada Farmers wanted __________________, abolish tariffs and allow them to buy cheap machinery 1919 federal Thomas Crerar created the ________________________________________ Wanted a new National Party based on _____________ and ownership of railways

13. 1921 Election MacKenzie King – leader of __________ party Believed in the middle path Arthur Meighen – leader of the _________________ Believed in principles over compromise; didn’t care if he offended anyone Liberals elected 117 seats; Conservatives 55 seats; Progressives 64 seats

14. 1921 Election Liberals were a minority government Progressive Party did not last very long 1926 – King challenged by the Progressives to set up _______________________ Act was passed in 1927: $240/yr

15. New Independence 1922: King refused to support Britain when they were invading ________________ 1923: King insisted Canada be allowed to sign an international treaty known as the __________________________ without British representative’s signature 1926: King challenged Britain's over its influence on Canada’s internal politics known as ___________________ Participated in _____________ Report

16. Review: King-Byng Crisis 1925 Liberals had to seek Progressive Party support; only had 101 seats, Conservatives had 116 Liberals lost Progressive Party support because________________smuggling scandal. Kings ministers were protecting the individuals and even profiting off of the illegal liquor sales to the United States Conservatives called for a motion of censure King asked Byng to dissolve parliament; Byng refused Byng eventually forced to called an election Sept 14, 1926, King won majority.

17. Halibut Treaty March 2, 1923 Canadian-American agreement concerning _____________ in the Pacific Ocean Halibut could not be caught in low season Significance: _______ treaty Canada signed on their own; Britain wanted to sign, but King threatened to send an ___________ representative to Washington

18. Chanak Crisis September 1922 – Turkish ____________ were unhappy with loss of territory to Greece Expelled Greeks from Smyrna in August 1922 Lloyd George reinforced British posts in Chanak King insisted that Canadian Parliament should decide on the course of___________ the country should follow

19. Balfour Report There was an Imperial Conference (1926) Dominions of the British Empire requested __________________ Autonomy: the freedom to govern themselves Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa A special committee under Lord Balfour examined the request Published the Balfour report

20. Balfour Report Recommendations to allow for autonomy became law in 1931 when the ____________________ was passed Statute formally turned the British Empire into the ______________________ Canada now equal in status; entitled to make its own laws

21. Balfour Report (cont.) Two Restrictions: Canada’s constitution, the British North America Act, remained in Britain, because the Canadian federal and provincial governments could not agree on an ______________________ Procedure for changing the Canadian Constitution Judicial court of appeal for Canadians resided in Britain until 1949

22. Economic Boom The 1920’s started in depression. During the 1920’s the US started investing in Canada’s economy. US Companies set up ‘___________’ which operated here but for American business men. US enriched Canada’s economy by extracting or harvesting raw materials (__________ resources) Materials were transported to US for processing and manufacturing (____________ resources)

23. Economic Boom (cont.) With the increase in employment and economic prosperity few Canadians questioned the __________ effects of American involvement.

24. Economic Boom The 1920’s started in depression. During the 1920’s the US started investing in Canada’s economy. US Companies set up ‘branch plants’ which operated here but for American business men. US enriched Canad’a economy by extracting or harvesting raw materials (primary resources) Materials were transported to US for processing and manufacturing (secondary resources)

25. Bootlegging the Border The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) pushed prohibition into legislation in Canada and the US. By ____________ provincial governments were overturning the decision because of its unpopularity. The US, however, enforced it until 1933. Canadians sold illegal alcohol over the border for about 10 years.

26. Prosperity = Urbanization With the new booming economy Canadians were afforded more opportunities to enjoy the luxuries of life. _____________ were becoming affordable and popular. Telephone lines were becoming commonplace for all houses in cities. Professional sports were also increasing in popularity.