1. Ch. 6.1: Cell Theory & The Microscope
Vocab.
Cell theory micrograph organelle plasma membrane
Nucleus cytoplasm cell wall eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cell
People: Hooke; Leeuwenhoek

2. The Discovery of the Cell: Robert Hooke
In 1665
Observes cork (plant) under microscope;
looked like thousands of tiny, empty chambers = “cells”
We now know cells are the basic units of life.

3. The Discovery of the Cell: Von Leeuwenhoek
Developed single microscope with high quality lens, 1700
observe pond water and other things.
Cellular/Microbiology is born!

4. Developing the Cell Theory
Matthias Schleiden: all plants were made of cells (1838)
Theodor Schwann: all animals were made of cells (1839).
Rudolph Virchow: new cells were created only from division of pre-existing cells (1855).
These discoveries led to the cell theory.

5. Compound Light Microscope
Combination of lenses and light used to magnify small objects held on a slide
Live specimens: YES
Max magnification = 1000x

6. Electron Microscopes
Image produced on a computer screen using a beam of electrons (not light)
More powerful (300,000x or more) than light microscopes, but specimen cannot be alive
Transmission (T.E.M)
Study of inner structure of a specimen
Samples are cut into thin slices for viewing
Images are 2-D
Scanning (S.E.M.)
Allows study of specimen surface
Images are 3-D

7. Images from Electron Microscopes

8. The Cell Theory 1. All living things are composed of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
3. New cells are produced from pre-existing cells.

9. Two Types of Cells
All cells are surrounded by a barrier called a cell membrane and contain DNA
Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus & membrane organelles. (plants, animals, fungi & protists.)
Prokaryotic cells do NOT contain a nucleus (still have DNA) and most organelles (do have ribsomes) and are classified as bacteria.

10. Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic10

11. Cell Parts: Organelles
Each has a specific job/function.
You to be able to identify each organelle from a picture and explain the function of each organelle for your CELL QUIZ.
Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosomes Vacoules
Nuclear envelope Cell Membrane E.R. (rough & smooth) Lysosomes
Nucleolus Cell Wall Golgi Apparatus Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Microtules & Microfilaments
Flagella & Cilia
Table of Organelles & Function
StudyStack for Organelles

12. Eukaryote: Animal Cell

13. Eukaryote: Plant Cell