1. Network Evolution in Coming 10 Years: What's the Future of Network? - Toward Optical Wireless Communications- Fan Bai Sato Laboratory, GITS, Waseda University October 4 th, 2014

2. Outline of Presentation Background: OWC- The Story So Far Issues with optical wireless communications Summary 2 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University

3. Background: Communication Traffic–What Next? 3 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Annual global IP traffic will surpass the zettabytes (10 21 bytes) threshold in 2016.—Cisco Big Data, Increasing smart-phone -Heterogeneous services -The last km and m -High-quality, High-speed -Mobility vs. Bit rates -Energy-efficient, ect. http://www.ericsson.com/report2014

4. Background: OWC-What does it offer? 4 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University FSO is the transmission of modulated visible or infrared (IR) beams through the atmosphere to obtain broadband communications. Unregulated bandwidth, high security, flexibility, high capacity. Disadvantages: -Atmospheric turbulence -Weather conditions, ect. Weather measurement device FSO antenna Atmospheric effects measurement antenna FSO antenna Yoshinori Arimoto, NICT news, no.392, 2012

5. Background: OWC-What does it offer? 5 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University UWB Full-optical FSO system 10 Gbps MM wave communication 1 Gbps 100 Mbps 10 Mbps 1 Mbps 100 Kbps 1 km 100 m WiMAX 10 m10 km1 m Bluetooth ZigBee WLAN a/b/g Optical fiber communication Communication distance Personal area Communication Optical WLAN IrDA PAN Long distance communication Data rate Visible light communications 100 km FSO communication 100 Gbps

6. 6 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Issues with OWC-Roadmap Cooperation of fiber comm. ～ 1995 ～ 2000 20012002200320042005 ～ 2010 100K 10G 1G 100M 10M 1M 1T 100G FSO 10M FSO 100M FSO 1G FSO 2.5G （ Eye safe ） FSO10G （ WDM) Indoor FSO （ P-MP ） Indoor FSO （ P-MP) ISDN FTTH FTTH 1G 1G-Ethernet standard 10G-Ether standard 100G-Ether SONET （ trunk line) WDM ADSL 1.5M 8M 12M24M FWA 1.5M (22 ＆ 26G) FWA 10M (22 ＆ 26G) FWA 50M (5GHz) FWA 46M (26G) IEEE802.11b 11g 11a Analog FSO system CATV ， cellular phone Video use Wireless BB environment Radio on FSO Data rate

7. 7 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Issues with OWC- Our Research Filed -Diversity techniques: Spatial diversity (aperture averaging), ect. -Modulation techniques: OOK, PPM, SCM(OFDM), Polarization modulation, ect. -Coding techniques: CDMA/OCDMA.

8. 8 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Issues with OWC-Challenges in FSO DWDM RoFSO Cellular River, Road, etc Digital TV New Wireless OE, EO Internet Cellular BS Digital TV WLAN AP New Wireless Services WLAN DWDM RoF FSO Tx,Rx OE/EO OE OE/E O WDM FSO Tx,Rx Fiber-rich Area Optical Free-Space Rural Area without Broadband Fiber infrastructure WDM Scintillation Universal Remote BS Mobile NW Hybrid network topology Novel transceiver structures Coherent optical techniques Optical source/device material Low cost, high energy-efficient Seamless connection Multiple-hybrid-services Limited to transmission distance

9. 9 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Issues with OWC- OWC world https://www.northumbria.ac.uk/ Space: Indoor, outdoor, near-earth, deep space. Wired/wireless/optics

10. 10 October 4, 2014, PhD Academy, Waseda University Summary OWC focus on providing a broadband last mile access, however, faces many challenges in its implementation. Variations of solutions have been proposed to overcome these challenges. Our study develop a framework for next generation FSO systems based on mature wired/wireless techniques.

11. Thank you for your attention ! Q&A