1. Engineering Design Issues for EOC’s, Hurricane Shelters and other Essential Facilities

2. Florida Emergency Operations Centers Design and Evaluation Criteria Danny Kilcollins, FPEM Planning Manager Division of Emergency Management

3. Features of a Survivable EOC

4. Minimum Hurricane Safety Criteria for Critical Facilities

5. ARC 4496 Hurricane Hazards Wind Storm Surge Flooding Rainfall Flooding Hazardous Materials

6. High Performance Design Criteria: DOE-STD- 1020

7. DOE-STD-1020 Natural Hazards Wind Flooding Earthquake

8. Hurricane Wind Design

9. DOE 1020 Wind Design

10. Return Period Years

11. ASCE 7-02

12. Florida Building Code – Basic Wind Speeds and Windborne Debris Impact Regions

14. Basic Wind Speed Conversions Equivalent Basic Wind Speeds Wind Speed Conversion 3-second gust, fastest-mile and 1-min. sustained velocities (mph) Wind Measurement Scale Hurricane Category 1 Hurricane Category 2 Hurricane Category 3 Hurricane Category 4 Hurricane Category 5 Extreme Hurricane Category 5 3-second Gust (ASCE 7 and 2004 Florida Building Code) 90117135160190230 Fastest Mile (Standard Building Code) 75100117141170209 1-minute Sustained (National Hurricane Center) 7496111131156188

15. 1,000-yr Return Period

16. 1,000-yr Recurrence Wind Speeds for Florida

17. Fla. PC 3 Wind Design Criteria

18. TORNADO EVENTS IN FLORIDA F0

19. 10,000-yr Return Period

20. 10,000-yr Recurrence Wind Speeds for Florida

21. Fla. PC 4 Wind Design Criteria

22. Probable Minimum Central Pressure Limit Estimate for Hurricanes

23. Probable Minimum Central Pressure Limit Estimate for Hurricanes; Source: K. Emanuel (1996)

24. Minimum Central Pressure to Wind Velocity Conversion Source: Hurricanes and Typhoons: Past, Present and Future; Landsea, etal 880 mb = 190 mph (232 mph, 3-sec gust) 885 mb = 185 mph (226 mph, 3-sec gust) 890 mb = 180 mph (220 mph, 3-sec gust) 900 mb = 170 mph (208 mph, 3-sec gust) 910 mb = 165 mph (202 mph, 3-sec gust)

25. Windborne Debris Impact Resistance Criteria

26. Representative Wind Design Criteria Applies to the EOC and essential ancillary structures and service equipment Wind Load Design per ASCE 7 Standard Load Factor Reductions per (draft) ICC 500 Minimum Design Wind Speed = 190 mph, 3- second gust Wind Importance Factor, I=1.00 Exposure Category = C Directionality Factor, K d =1.00 Internal Pressure Coefficient, GC pi = +0.18/-0.18

27. Representative Wind Design Criteria The EOC designated as a threshold building, and special structural inspections required Special inspections conducted in compliance with section 553.79, Florida Statutes and other applicable statutes, laws and rules

28. Representative Wind Design Criteria Design Windborne Debris Missile = 15 lb 2x4 propelled at 50 mph (74 ft/sec) Momentum = 34 lb-sec Energy = 1,275 ft-lb Design missile applies to all exterior enclosure components, claddings and assemblies (i.e., walls, roofs, louvers, windows, doors, etc.) Design missile applies to enclosure surfaces located within 60 feet in height above finish grade

29. Summary of Wind Storm Design Criteria

30. Comparison of Hurricane Wind Codes & Standards

31. Tornado Wind Design

32. FEMA 361 – Tornado Winds

33. FEMA 361 Wind Zones

34. TORNADO EVENTS IN FLORIDA F0

35. Representative Tornado Wind Design Applies to the EOC and essential ancillary structures and service equipment Wind Load Design per ASCE 7 Standard Load Factor Reductions per FEMA 361 Minimum Design Wind Speed = 200 mph, 3- second gust Wind Importance Factor, I=1.00 Exposure Category = C Directionality Factor, K d =1.00 Internal Pressure Coefficient, GC pi = +0.55/-0.55 Atmospheric Pressure Change (APC) or venting req’d

36. Representative Wind Design Criteria The EOC designated as a threshold building, and special structural inspections required Special inspections conducted in compliance with section 553.79, Florida Statutes and other applicable statutes, laws and rules

37. Representative Wind Design Criteria Design Windborne Debris Missile = 15 lb 2x4 propelled at 100 mph (147 ft/sec) Momentum = 68 lb-sec Energy = 5,033 ft-lb Design missile applies to all exterior enclosure components, claddings and assemblies (i.e., walls, roofs, louvers, windows, doors, etc.) Design missile applies to enclosure surfaces located within 150 feet in height above finish grade

38. Flood & Rainfall Design

39. DOE 1020 Flood Criteria

40. NOAA HMR No. 51 and No. 52 Probable Maximum Precipitation Estimates

41. 24-hour PMP @ 10 sq.mi. Basin

42. 72-hour PMP @ 10 sq.mi. Basin

44. Max. Observed Point Rainfall Illustration Source: Unknown

45. Estimated 24-hour Rainfall Rates w/Recurrence Intervals Local Precipitation & Site Drainage Design (24 hr Rainfall, inches) - 12" @ 100-yr Basin Size, sq.mi.X 0 (100-yrs) 1 (500-yrs) 2 (2,000-yrs) 3 (10,000-yrs) 4 (100K-yrs)PMP 1l.t. 100-yr14.522.429.237.048.557.1 10 12.018.524.130.540.047.1 100 10.516.221.126.735.041.2 200 10.115.520.225.633.639.5 500 9.314.318.623.630.936.4 1,000 8.513.017.021.528.233.2 5,000 5.68.611.214.218.621.9 10,000 4.56.99.011.415.017.6 20,000 3.55.36.98.811.613.6

46. Conversion of 10 sq.mi. PMPs to 1 sq.mi. PMPs

47. 1-hour PMP @ 1 sq.mi. Basin

48. Estimated 1-hour Rainfall Rates w/Recurrence Intervals Local Precipitation & Roof Drainage Design (1 hr Rainfall, inches) Basin Size, sq.mi.X 0 (100-yrs) 1 (500-yrs) 2 (2,000-yrs) 3 (10,000-yrs) 4 (100K-yrs)PMP 1l.t. 4.304.36.08.011.016.519.4 10 3.544.956.609.0613.6016.00 100 2.493.484.646.379.5611.25 200 2.062.883.845.277.919.31 500 1.552.162.883.965.957.00 1,000 1.161.622.162.974.455.24 2,000 0.731.021.371.882.803.30 5,000 0.520.720.961.321.982.33 10,000 0.390.540.721.001.491.75 20,000 0.300.420.560.801.161.36

49. Summary of Flood Design Criteria Performance CategoryX 0 (100-yrs) 1 (500-yrs) 2 (2,000-yrs) 3 (10,000-yrs) 4 (100K-yrs) Flood Hazard Return Period, yrs l.t. 100g.e. 100g.e. 500g.e. 2,000g.e. 10,000g.e. 100,000 Design Reqm'ts Does not meet ASCE 24, FBC and ARC 4496 ASCE 24, FBC plus ARC 4496 ASCE 24, FBC Essential Facility plus ARC 4496ASCE 24 Minimum Design Floor Elevation Floor Elev. Below BFE BFE or DFE, whichever is greater BFE + 1.5 ft. or local DFE, whichever is greater BFE + 2.0 ft. or local DFE, whichever is greater BFE + 3.0 ft. or local DFE, whichever is greater BFE + 4.0 ft. or local DFE, whichever is greater Riverine Flooding FIRM Zone Shaded A, AE, AH or V FIRM Zone Shaded X; apply design precip event to basin

50. Summary of Flood Design Criteria Performance CategoryX 0 (100-yrs) 1 (500-yrs) 2 (2,000-yrs) 3 (10,000-yrs) 4 (100K-yrs) Flood Hazard Return Period, yrs l.t. 100g.e. 100g.e. 500g.e. 2,000g.e. 10,000g.e. 100,000 Local Precipitat ion/Site Drainage l.t.100-year, 1- day Precip Design g.e. 100-year, 1- day Precip Rate; apply design precip event to site ~ 22 inch, 1-day Precip Rate; apply design precip event to site ~ 29 inch, 1-day Precip Rate; apply design precip event to site ~ 37 inch, 1-day Precip Rate; apply design precip event to site ~ 48.5 inch, 1-day Precip Rate; apply design precip event to site Roof Design Drainage; ref: Figure 1106.1, FBC- Plumbing l.t.100-year, 1- hour rainfall rate; l.t. ~4.3 inchs/hr g.e.100-year, 1- hour rainfall rate; g.e. ~4.33 to 5.0 inchs/hrg.e. 6 inchs/hrg.e. 8 inchs/hrg.e. 11 inchs/hrg.e. 16.5 inchs/hr Storm Surge l.t. Cat. 5 minus 1.0 ft. elev. g.e. Cat 5 minus 1.0 ft. elev.g.e. Cat 5 elev. g.e. Cat 5 elev. plus 10% g.e. Cat 5 elev. plus 15% g.e. Cat 5 elev. plus 20%

51. Storm Surge Flooding SLOSH Storm Surge Model Category 5 inundation depth/elevation, NGVD Maximum Envelope of Water Margin of Error = +/- 20% Category 5 elev. + 20% = Probable Maximum Inundation

52. Storm Surge Flooding Fla. Performance Category 3 = Cat. 5 + 15% Fla. Performance Category 4 = Cat. 5 + 20% Performance suggested per county based on PC 4 (10,000-yr) Wind Map Design wind speeds at coast that are greater than or equal to 190 mph (3-sec. gust) = Cat. 5 + 20% Design wind speeds at coast that are less than 190 mph (3-sec. gust) = Cat. 5 + 15%

53. Representative Flood Design Criteria Applies to lowest floor for the EOC and essential ancillary structures and service equipment Finished Floor Elevation NGVD determined by: Category 5 storm surge elev. + 20% BFE + 3.0 feet 500-yr elevation + 2.0 feet Highest recorded flood elevation + 3.0 feet Whichever flood elevation is highest

54. Representative Flood Design Criteria The site (point maximum, one square mile) hydrologic design shall ensure that the EOC and essential ancillary structures and service equipment are not flooded due to a 24 hour, 37.0 inch rainfall event applied over a precedent 24 hour, 100-year rainfall event Opinion of design professional is acceptable Basin-wide analysis not required

55. Representative Flood Design Criteria Where secondary (emergency) roof drains or scuppers are required by the Florida Building Code—Plumbing, the secondary system shall be sized for a rainfall rate of eleven (11.0) inches per hour

56. Earthquake Design

58. Earthquake 10,000-yr Design Criteria for Florida

60. Anti-Terrorism Design

61. USAF Installation Force Protection Guide

62. Is Blast Hardening Req’d?

63. Minimum Anti-Terrorism Standards for Buildings

64. Design of Buildings to Resist Progressive Collapse

65. FEMA CPG 1-20 / May 1984

66. FEMA CPG 1-20 EOC Staff Size Estimate/ Community Size

70. Electrical Power Restoration

71. QUESTIONS??? http://floridadisaster.org/bpr/Response/engineers /index.htm