1. Thursday 11-13-14 Update SN (Journal Check Next Week!)
Grade Rock Cycle Lab & Types of Rocks WS
Topographic Map Notes
Lake Lackawanna WS

2. Topographic Maps
By the end of class be able to Interpret a topographic map
Identify where the slope is steep or gentle
The elevation of locations on the map
Where hilltops, valleys, & rivers are
Draw a profile of a topographic map

3. Topographic Maps
Two dimensional model of the Earth’s surface (represents 3-D world)
Shows surface features of the earth including;
natural features like rivers, lakes and mountains
manmade features like cities, roads, and bridges.

4. Contour Lines - represent elevations (height in relationship to sea level.)

9. “Real World”
Contour Map

10. Topographic Maps A Contour Line –
- connects points of EQUAL elevation.
- show elevation
- and shape of the land

12. Relief – difference between highest and lowest contour lines on map
What is the relief of this map?
Highest = 30 m
-Lowest = 0 m
30 m

13. Topographic Maps Contour Interval –
difference in elevation between each line.
MUST be equal value between any 2 lines. =
# of lines between =
100/5 = Contour interval =
20 feet
580
560
100
540
520 5

14. Topographic Maps Index Contour –
Usually every 5th line is printed darker and has an elevation printed on it.

16. Rules for Contours
Contour lines never cross

17. Rules for Contours
Contours form closed loops (even if not shown of the map.)
The innermost circle is the top of the hill.

18. Rules for Contours
3. Contours bend upstream (uphill) when crossing a stream, forming a “V” or “U” in the map

20. Rules for Contours
The maximum possible elevation for a hill is “1” less than what the next contour “should” be.
The highest possible elevation of the hill is just below the value of  the next line that is not shown 90 80 70 60 50

21. 399 B
179 A C
239

22. Closely Spaced Contours
5. Steeper Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are closer together.

24. Wide Spaced Contours
6. Gradual/Gentle Slope (Gradient) – contour lines are farther apart.

26. A B

27. Depressions
Contour lines which show a depression, crater, or sinkhole on a map.
Shown by dashed lines (hachure marks) on the inside of a contour line
The elevation of the first depression contour is the same as the lowest regular contour near it.

28. Rules for Contours
The lowest possible elevation for a depression is “1” more than what the next contour “should” be.
The lowest possible elevation of a depression is just above the value of  the next line that is not shown 90 90 51 80 70 60 50

29. 100
100 50

30. Benchmarks
a location whose exact elevation is known and is noted on a brass or aluminum plate.
bench marks are shown on maps by an X with the letters BM written next to them.

32. Map Scales
Indicates the distance on the map compared to distance in the real world
Graphical - by a line divided into equal parts and marked in units of length.

33. (There are 63,360 inches in a mile)
Map Scales
Numerically – usually by writing a fraction to show what part of the true distances map distances really are.
1:63,360
One inch on the map equals 63,360 Inches in the real world.
(There are 63,360 inches in a mile)

34. Gradient The slope between any two points on a hill Gradient =
Change in Elevation
Horizontal Distance
Rise (Y)
Run (X)

35. Gradient Change in elevation = 280 ft – 220 ft = 60 ft
Contour Interval = 20 ft
= 60 ft
Distance travelled =
5 mi
280
200
220 2 4 6 8 10
miles
Change in Elevation
Horizontal Distance
60 ft
5 mi
= 12 ft/mi

36. Gradient
A trail is four miles long as measured by the scale on a map. The beginning of the trail is at the 1,060 ft contour line and the end of the trail is at the 960 ft contour line. Calculate the gradient of the trail.
Gradient = =
1060 ft – 960 ft
4 miles
100 ft
4 mi
= 25.0 ft/mi

38. 10m 40
Contour interval = Relief =
3. Which hill has a depression at the top of it?
4. The highest mountain is
Color the steepest area red and the gentlest slope green
Oak hill
Ash hill

39. To Do
Lake Lackawanna WS

40. Monday 11-18-13 Fill out Planner for the week Check Trout Brook
Journal Check THURSDAY (or turn it in today for extra credit!)
Check Trout Brook
Finish Notes
Topographic Map Lab
Start Review (front page only)

41. To Do: Extra Credit for Journals? Topographic Map Lab
First page of Review