1. Workout Buddy A muscle fiber stimulation sensor and data logger Senior Design Group 8 Summer 2009 Matt McNealy (EE) Scott Martin (EE) Andrew Lee (CpE) Josh Hamby (EE)

2. Goals & Objectives To design and implement a device that will allow weight lifters to monitor and track their progress electronically. To design and implement a device that will allow weight lifters to monitor and track their progress electronically. To build a sensor system that: To build a sensor system that: Measures the electric potential generated by certain muscle groups. Measures the electric potential generated by certain muscle groups. Detects the angle of body part being exercised. Detects the angle of body part being exercised. To learn about wireless technology, medical devices and programming microcontrollers. To learn about wireless technology, medical devices and programming microcontrollers. To find points of over exertion in any particular exercise and improve on underworked muscle groups. To find points of over exertion in any particular exercise and improve on underworked muscle groups.

3. Specifications and Requirements Sensor circuit: Sensor circuit: Operating time: 3 hours. Operating time: 3 hours. Operating voltage: 2.8-3.7V Operating voltage: 2.8-3.7V Powered by polymer lithium ion battery Powered by polymer lithium ion battery Dimensions: 2.1” x 2.3” Dimensions: 2.1” x 2.3” Measure S-EMG ranging from 0.02-5mV. Measure S-EMG ranging from 0.02-5mV. Capability of measuring a full 360 degree range of motion in three dimensions. Capability of measuring a full 360 degree range of motion in three dimensions. Communicate with the control module up to 3 meters. Communicate with the control module up to 3 meters. Must secure to the body via velcro strap. Must secure to the body via velcro strap. Control module: Control module: Operating time: 3 hours. Operating time: 3 hours. Operating voltage: 3.3V Operating voltage: 3.3V Powered by a 9V lithium battery. Powered by a 9V lithium battery. Dimensions: 3” x 2.6” Dimensions: 3” x 2.6” Wirelessly receive data from the sensor circuit. Wirelessly receive data from the sensor circuit. Automatically count repetitions and sets. Automatically count repetitions and sets. Display data on the LCD screen. Display data on the LCD screen. Write data to a micro-SD card. Write data to a micro-SD card.

4. Block Diagram Sensor Unit

5. Block Diagram Control Module

6. EMG & EKG Requirements Amplifier: Gain of 1000+ Gain of 1000+ High CMRR >95 db for frequencies 10 – 500 Hz High CMRR >95 db for frequencies 10 – 500 Hz Input impedance = 10 x electrode impedance Input impedance = 10 x electrode impedance Skin Preparation: Cleaned and freed of dry skin cells Cleaned and freed of dry skin cells Centered on the belly of the muscle Centered on the belly of the muscle 2 Electrodes 2 cm center to center 2 Electrodes 2 cm center to center

7. Sensor Circuitry EMG & EKG Detection: INA122P-ND Instrumentation Amplifier INA122P-ND Instrumentation Amplifier Angle Detection: MMA7260Q Triple Axis Accelerometer MMA7260Q Triple Axis Accelerometer

8. Instrumentation Amplifier INA122P-ND INA122P-ND Voltage supply: 2.2 - 36 VDC Voltage supply: 2.2 - 36 VDC Supply current: 60 - 85 μA Supply current: 60 - 85 μA CMRR: 83 - 96 db CMRR: 83 - 96 db Gain: 1-10000 Gain: 1-10000 Input impedance: 10^10 ohm Input impedance: 10^10 ohm Digikey: $5.56 Digikey: $5.56 AD626AN-ND Voltage supply: 2.4 - 10 VDC Supply current: 230 - 290 μA CMRR: 66 - 90 db Gain: 1-100 Input impedance: 200 k ohm Digikey: $7.46

9. Signal Acquisition & Processing Processing of the signal enables the user to maximize their workout experience. Processing of the signal enables the user to maximize their workout experience.

10. Triple Axis Accelerometer MMA7260Q : MMA7260Q : Power supply: Power supply: 2.2 - 3.7 VDC 2.2 - 3.7 VDC 500 - 800 μA 500 - 800 μA Selectable sensitivity: Selectable sensitivity: 1.5g = 800 mV/g 1.5g = 800 mV/g 2g = 600 mV/g 2g = 600 mV/g 4g = 300 mV/g 4g = 300 mV/g 6g = 200 mV/g 6g = 200 mV/g Sleep mode option Sleep mode option Sparkfun: $19.95 Sparkfun: $19.95

11. MMA7260Q Orientation

12. Testing The MMA7260Q X-axis = vertical Z-axis = horizontal X-axis = horizontal Z-axis = vertical

13. Atmel Atmega 168 8 bit MCU running at 16 MHZ with XTAL 8 bit MCU running at 16 MHZ with XTAL Serial Communication via UART, I2C, SPI Serial Communication via UART, I2C, SPI 6 channel 10 bit Analog to Digital Converter 6 channel 10 bit Analog to Digital Converter 3 Timers, 6 PWM channels 3 Timers, 6 PWM channels Free C Compiler and Development Tools Free C Compiler and Development Tools

14. Analog to Digital Conversion Using highest possible Sampling Frequency 125kHz Using highest possible Sampling Frequency 125kHz Approximate resolution is 4.9 mV Approximate resolution is 4.9 mV The free running mode allows the control unit to continuously update the voltage received off the sensor and provide the user with a measurable output of intensity. The free running mode allows the control unit to continuously update the voltage received off the sensor and provide the user with a measurable output of intensity.

15. Development Environments AVR Studio is an Integrated Development Environment for writing, compiling, simulating, and debugging AVR Studio is an Integrated Development Environment for writing, compiling, simulating, and debugging AVRDUDE is an open source utility to download/upload/manipulate the ROM and EEPROM AVRDUDE is an open source utility to download/upload/manipulate the ROM and EEPROM

16. AVRlibc and AVRlib AVRlibc is the Standard C Library for AVR microcontrollers and provides basic functions like printf, stdio calls, math functions, plus some AVR-specific functions AVRlibc is the Standard C Library for AVR microcontrollers and provides basic functions like printf, stdio calls, math functions, plus some AVR-specific functions AVRLib provides functions for conventional tasks such as writing to LCD’s and SD cardsand reading from buttons and encoders AVRLib provides functions for conventional tasks such as writing to LCD’s and SD cardsand reading from buttons and encoders

17. Getting User Input – Rotary Encoder 3 Terminal Device to get sequential input 3 Terminal Device to get sequential input 2 bit grey code provides 4 states for MCU to read 2 bit grey code provides 4 states for MCU to read MCU must keep track of previous state. MCU must keep track of previous state. Debouncing via software delays or hardware LPF’s Debouncing via software delays or hardware LPF’s Triggering via Interrupts or Polling Triggering via Interrupts or Polling

18. Color LCD 128x128 Nokia Clone LCD Logic - 3.3V @ 2-3mA LCD Logic - 3.3V @ 2-3mA LED Backlight - 7V @ 40-50mA (very bright) LED Backlight - 7V @ 40-50mA (very bright) Full 4,096 Color Display Full 4,096 Color Display Uses the Epson S1D15G10 or Philips PCF8833 Controller Uses the Epson S1D15G10 or Philips PCF8833 Controller Active Display Dimensions: 1.2"x1.2” Active Display Dimensions: 1.2"x1.2” Two-wire serial SPI interface (clock and data) Two-wire serial SPI interface (clock and data)

19. Setting the Processor Speed The clock must be at a specific frequency in order to set the correct sampling rate to sample data from the EMG sensor. The clock value was chosen to ensure the highest sampling resolution possible that the Atmega 168 can support. The clock must be at a specific frequency in order to set the correct sampling rate to sample data from the EMG sensor. The clock value was chosen to ensure the highest sampling resolution possible that the Atmega 168 can support.

20. User Interface

21. Wireless Interface - TXM-900 Specifications Specifications Operating voltage: 2.8–13 VDC Operating voltage: 2.8–13 VDC Supply current: 14-17 mA Supply current: 14-17 mA Transmit frequency range: Transmit frequency range: 902.62-927.62 MHZ 902.62-927.62 MHZ Data rate: 100-56,000 bps Data rate: 100-56,000 bps Operating temperature range: Operating temperature range: -30 to 85C -30 to 85C SIP Style Price: $29.45 from Digikey SIP Style Price: $29.45 from Digikey Part #: TXM-900-HP3-PPO-ND Part #: TXM-900-HP3-PPO-ND SMD Style Price: $29.45 from Digikey SMD Style Price: $29.45 from Digikey Part #: TXM-900-HP3SPO-ND Part #: TXM-900-HP3SPO-ND

22. Wireless Interface - RXM-900-HP3-xxx Specifications Specifications Operating voltage: 2.8–13 VDC Operating voltage: 2.8–13 VDC Supply current: 16-21 mA Supply current: 16-21 mA Receive frequency range: Receive frequency range: 902.62-927.62 MHZ 902.62-927.62 MHZ Data rate: 100-56,000 bps Data rate: 100-56,000 bps Operating temperature range: Operating temperature range: -30 to 85C -30 to 85C SIP Style Price: $43.40 from Digikey SIP Style Price: $43.40 from Digikey Part #: RXM-900-HP3-PPO_-ND Part #: RXM-900-HP3-PPO_-ND SMD Style Price: $39.22 from Digikey SMD Style Price: $39.22 from Digikey Part #: RXM-900-HP3-SPO-ND Part #: RXM-900-HP3-SPO-ND

23. Antenna JJB Series JJB Series The Electrical Specifications: The Electrical Specifications: Center Freq. 916MHz Center Freq. 916MHz Bandwidth 30MHz Bandwidth 30MHz Wavelength 1/4-wave Wavelength 1/4-wave Impedance 50 ohms Impedance 50 ohms Connection Direct solder Connection Direct solder Model: ANT-916-JJB-xx Price: $1.96 from Digikey

24. Antenna SP Series “The Splatch” SP Series “The Splatch” The Electrical Specifications: The Electrical Specifications: Center Freq. 916MHz Center Freq. 916MHz Bandwidth 30MHz Bandwidth 30MHz Wavelength 1/4-wave Wavelength 1/4-wave Impedance 50 ohms Impedance 50 ohms Connection Surface-mount Connection Surface-mount Model: ANT-916-SP Price: $2.08 from Digikey

25. SD CARD MODULE For our data logging we based our design off of CC Dharmani’s “SD Card Interfacing with ATmega 8/32 (FAT32 implementation)” project. The circuit design and open source files were carefully adapted to work with our Atmega328p. We used his method of creating FAT32 files. More info at: http://www.dharmanitech.com/2009/01/ sd-card-interfacing-with-atmega8- fat32.html

26. SD MODULE cont.. This schematic shows the integration of the SD card module into our design. The SD card module requires 3.3-3.6v in order to write data to the micro SD card.

27. Layout of Parts Sensor Unit Data from the accelerometer and sensor units are fed into the ATmega328p MCU. Data from the accelerometer and sensor units are fed into the ATmega328p MCU. This data is streamed to the control unit via transmitter at 9600bps. This data is streamed to the control unit via transmitter at 9600bps. DATA

28. Layout of Parts Control Unit Data will be received by the receiver and fed into the ATmega328p MCU. Data will be received by the receiver and fed into the ATmega328p MCU. Data is then saved to the SD card in the FAT32 file system architecture. It will become a CSV file. (Comma-separated values) Data is then saved to the SD card in the FAT32 file system architecture. It will become a CSV file. (Comma-separated values) The SD card can now be removed from the device and read on a computer. The SD card can now be removed from the device and read on a computer. DATA

29. CSV file The CSV file saved on the SD card can be opened and read. The CSV file saved on the SD card can be opened and read. The SD card will contain from each workout: The SD card will contain from each workout: X-axis X-axis # of repetitions # of repetitions Z-axis Z-axis EMG signal EMG signal Format: 126,0,200,5, 125,0,201,5,.................... Format: 126,0,200,5, 125,0,201,5,.................... Used to keep track of the effectiveness of the user’s workouts. Used to keep track of the effectiveness of the user’s workouts.

30. CSV file (Excel) Opening the CSV file in ExcelGraphing the data in Excel It is up to the user how he/she would like to use the data. For example, the CSV file can be easily opened using Excel and a graph can be made using the values stored. The columns are the X-Axis, Repetitions, Z-Axis and EKG signals respectively.

32. Power System Sensor Circuit Requirements Requirements Generate sufficient electricity to keep the unit running for 3 hours. Generate sufficient electricity to keep the unit running for 3 hours. Environmentally friendly Environmentally friendly Length of charge Length of charge Motivating factors: Availability, capacity Motivating factors: Availability, capacity

33. Power System Sensor Circuit Operating Voltages Operating Voltages (1) MMA7260Q – 3.6V (1) MMA7260Q – 3.6V (1) Atmel ATmega328 – 3.6V (1) Atmel ATmega328 – 3.6V (1) TXM-900-HP3 – 3.6V (1) TXM-900-HP3 – 3.6V (2) INA122 Instrumentation amplifier – 3.6V (2) INA122 Instrumentation amplifier – 3.6V Total Power Consumed: 360mW Total Power Consumed: 360mW CR2032 3V lithium button cell battery was used initially, but the accelerometer did not function properly due to a dropout voltage across the battery of 500mV.Minimum voltage for the accelerometer is 2.7V CR2032 3V lithium button cell battery was used initially, but the accelerometer did not function properly due to a dropout voltage across the battery of 500mV.Minimum voltage for the accelerometer is 2.7V Capacity: 225mAh. Radius=20mm,height=3mm Capacity: 225mAh. Radius=20mm,height=3mm

34. Power System Sensor Circuit Powered by a rechargeable 3.7V polymer lithium-ion battery. Powered by a rechargeable 3.7V polymer lithium-ion battery. Has a capacity of 650mAh. Has a capacity of 650mAh.

35. Sensor system

36. Power Supply Display module Display module Demands 340mA Demands 340mA Total power consumption of 1.112 W Total power consumption of 1.112 W Powered by the Ultra life 9V battery Powered by the Ultra life 9V battery Chemistry: Lithium Chemistry: Lithium Capacity: 1.2 A*h Capacity: 1.2 A*h Can run the module for 4 hours before replacement is needed. Can run the module for 4 hours before replacement is needed.

37. Display Module

38. Project Timeline

39. Budgeting Fully funded by the V.A. Fully funded by the V.A.

40. Questions? Questions?