1. Crafting sub- questions from your research question…

2. First of all, identify the main concepts of your question. “How does playing video games affect adolescent behavior” Video games Adolescents Behavior

3. Next, think of other ways to express these topic keywords, including...... synonyms... phrases that contain your keyword.... other forms of your keywords like plural vs. singular You don’t have to use the “exact” keywords from your big question for your sub-questions!

4. Make a mental list of your keywords Topic KeywordsAlternate Keywords Video games Electronic games, computer games Adolescents Teen, teenage, teenagers, adolescents, adolescence, youth(s) Narrower terms - girls, boys Broader term - children Behavior Behaviour Narrower terms - violence, aggressiveness, aggression, fighting, bullying

5. Look at your big question... Your last sub-question is your research question. Writing it as a sub-questions insures that you will write your synthesized answer as your paper’s conclusion. You need at least two sub-questions, three is better, you can even create more. You can use topic keywords or alternate keywords to craft your sub-questions.

6. Time to challenge yourself with examples !

7. How does photosynthesis work?  How does photosynthesis work?

8. How does photosynthesis work?  How does photosynthesis work?

9. How did the Empire of Troy get defeated by the Greeks?  4 How did the Empire of Troy get defeated by the Greeks?

10. How did the Empire of Troy get defeated by the Greeks?  How did the Empire of Troy get defeated by the Greeks?

11. Connect past learning! You have created a research question and sub-questions before!   Why should biofuel replace fossil fuels in the United States? 1.What is biofuel? 2.What is the process of making energy from biofuel? 3. What are the benefits of using biofuel? 4. What are the disadvantages of using biofuel? 5. Why should biofuel replace fossil fuels in the United States?

12. Lastly, Affect and Effect  Affect is a VERB  How did Hurricane Katrina affect New Orleans?  Effect is a NOUN  What was the effect of dropping an atomic bomb on Hiroshima?