1. “Experience is simply the name we give our mistakes.” ~ Oscar Wilde Friday, October 18, 2013 S.C. Standards for Today: B-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the structure and function of cells and their organelles. Today’s Objectives: Uncontrollable Cell Division Cancer Mini- Research Activity Reminder: Content Recovery must be completed by TODAY 10/18/13. Midterm, next Thursday 10/24/13. Warm Up: What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? True or False: Commensalism is defined as both species benefitting from the relationship.

2. Uncontrollable Cell Division

3. Cell Cycle Control  Cell cycle is driven by a chemical control system  Triggers and coordinates the cell cycle  Regulated at certain checkpoints

4. Cell Cycle Control  2 types of signals:  Internal signals Cell senses presence of enzymes that were produced inside Cell senses presence of enzymes that were produced inside  External Signals Cell senses chemicals that were produced outside in other cells Cell senses chemicals that were produced outside in other cells

5. Cell Cycle Control  Cells can respond to physical signals from their envt.  Examples:  Too close= stop dividing  Too much space= start division

6. G1 S G2 M C Start: Start: Is the environment favorable? G2/M: G2/M:Is all the DNA replicated? Is the envt. favorable? Metaphase/ Anaphase: Metaphase/ Anaphase: Are all of the chrom. attatched to the spindle?

7. What happens to the cell if it is not ready for the next step?  The cell can wait until the environment is favorable  It will hold the cell at the checkpoint until the problems are solved  If all of the DNA is not copied correctly, cell cycle is held at the G 2 /M checkpoint until the error is corrected

8. Apoptosis  Programmed cell death  Suicide program is activated within an animal cell  Death is mediated by intracellular enzymes  Problems that cannot be fixed and the cell will self-destruct in for the benefit of the entire organism  Cells receive a change in signals

9. Mutagens Latin for origin of change  Latin for origin of change  Physical or chemical agent that changes the genetic material  Increases the frequency of mutations  Carcinogens:  Any agent, such as a chemical or form of radiation that causes cancer

10. Cancer Cells ignore the normal signals that control cell division  Cells ignore the normal signals that control cell division  Divide excessively  Normally: immune system realizes that the cell is damage & destroys it

11. Cancer Abnormally: cell divides and each daughter cell is a cancer cell  Abnormally: cell divides and each daughter cell is a cancer cell  Malignant tumor: mass of cells that invades and impairs the functions of one or more organs  Benign tumor: Mass of cells that remain at the original site

13. Mini-Cancer Research  You will work with one partner to research different types of cancer  You will select a cancer from the following list, based on how your stick is pulled from the bag  You will access the file from the website and submit via eBackpack

14. NameCancer Type Basal Cell Carcnoma Bladder Cancer Intraocular Melanoma Fibrous Histiocytoma Appendix Cancer Mesothelioma Kaposi Sarcoma Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer Wilms Tumor Pancreatic Cancer Esophageal Cancer Salivary Gland Cancer Hodgkin Lymphoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma Oropharyngeal Cancer Pituitary Tumor Merkel Cell Carcinoma Craniopharyngioma, Childhood Stomach Cancer