1. Middle East Gases Association LIME TREATMENT AND APPLICATIONS Dubai | 5th December 2013 Presented by: Khalid H. Sheikh, Abdullah Hashim Industrial Gases and Equipment Company Limited, KSA 1

2. Middle East Gases Association CONTENTS: MEGA Work Group(Environment) brief description of activities Lime as By-Product of Acetylene production Properties of lime Regulation on lime Recovery of lime Conclusion 2

3. Middle East Gases Association MEGA WORK GROUP (ENVIRONMENT): Brief Description of activities: »Aims and Objectives: »To address Environmental issues facing the Industrial Gases Industry in the region and create awareness among stake holders and seek an environmental friendly and economical solution, if applicable for the benefit of the community in general and Industrial Gases Industry in particular. 3

4. Middle East Gases Association MEGA WORK GROUP (ENVIRONMENT): Issues addressed:  Lime Slurry Applications and Disposal,  Ozone Depleting Substances, Phase out plan and applicable International and local regulations,  Disposal of expired and damaged Acetylene cylinders,  Environmental Audit protocol applicable to Industrial gases Industry. 4

5. Middle East Gases Association MEGA WORK GROUP (ENVIRONMENT): Lime Slurry Applications and Disposal :  Dialogue established with regulatory body in UAE to explain the nature of Lime slurry to convince them that it is not a hazardous waste.  Detailed chemical analysis of Lime slurry was made by a chemical lab in U.A.E.  Sub committee was assigned to prepare a Technical paper on Lime slurry treatment and applications for publishing on MEGA website.  Filter press benefits for slurry disposal were communicated to all member companies.  End users were identified for Lime slurry. 5

6. Middle East Gases Association 6 LIME : by-product of C 2 H 2 production SOLID WASTE Drums, Molecular sieve Generator residuals Catalysts, dried paint, Scrap cylinders, Asbestos material TO AIR Evaporating Solvents: DMF/Acetone Leaking acetylene Vents LIQUID WASTE Oil, Acids NOISE Water Calcium Carbide Electricity Plant consumables Cylinders ACETYLENE PLANT Acetylene Lime

7. Middle East Gases Association 7 Properties of lime – Ca(OH) 2 Acetylene emissions – Ventilation needs Physico – chemical properties : – pH Typical value : between 12 and 13 Safe handling : corrosive product – Water content / specific gravity : influence on Recovering use Handling tools Main impurities : –SiO 2 : 0.28 weight % –Fe 2 O 3 + Al 2 O 3 : 0.16 weight % –MgO : 200 ppm –H 2 S : 180 ppm How to simply measure specific gravity with a density meter and a bucket

8. Middle East Gases Association 8 Recovering industries Choice to be made according to – Sustainability of the industry concerning : recovering (evolution of the process, of the branch of industry) regulatory issues (regulation trends towards stricter ones in the future) – Quantity of lime that may be recovered – Implementation period of the solution CGA document : CGA G-1.5 “Carbide lime : its value and uses”

9. Middle East Gases Association 9 Soil improvement Main effect : pH modification through minerals Requirements : – Agreement from local or national authorities  lobbying – Temporary use (2 campaigns a year)  storage capacity Lime state : Solid lime or lime slurry –Handling equipment adapted from a spreader for liquid manure Acid Neutral Caustic

10. Middle East Gases Association 10 Road foundation stabilization Only with filtered lime (press filter at least) High amount of lime recovered (at least 10 000 tons per work) Main issues – Distance from lime “source” to road work – Residual moisture in lime

11. Middle East Gases Association Page 11 To attract new prospects, why not improve lime packaging ? 11

12. Middle East Gases Association Page 12 End of presentation 12