1. Biogeography Chapters 16-17 Conservation Biogeography and a Changing Environment Acalypta Illustration by Nancy Lowe

2. Conservation Biogeography ► New subfield ► Application of many of the concepts learned from studies of biogeography ► Important in the face of global warming

3. 16.1 Numbers and patterns of threatened and extinct species (Part 1)

4. 16.1 Global pattern of fresh water fish species gone extinct since 1890.

5. 16.2 Relative number of species worldwide in each of the principal taxonomic groups.

6. 16.2 The number of taxonomists who specialize in various taxonomic groups.

7. All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) http://www.dlia.org/atbi/index.shtmlhttp://www.dlia.org/atbi/index.shtml

8. Slug and Lamproderma slime mold Great Smoky Mountains National Park Photograph by Randy G. Darrah. (http://www.dlia.org/atbi/twig/slime_mold.shtml )

9. Acalypta Illustration by Nancy Lowe (http://www.dlia.org/atbi/twig/slime_mold.shtml )

10. Selected GSMNP TAXONNew to ScienceNew to ParkTotal New Microbes Archaea707 Bacteria9259151 Microsporidia145 Protozoa22123 Slime molds Dictyostelids10818 Myxomycetes2130132 Algae70528598 Plants vascular058 non-vascular099 Fungi25347372 Lichens1096106 Mollusks (snails, mussels, etc.)7100107 Arachnids spiders40237277 mites315283 ticks077 Crustaceans (crayfish, copepods, etc.)276693 Coleoptera (beetles)341,2001,234 Lepidoptera (butterflies, moths, skippers)72688760 Hymenoptera (bees, ants, etc.)27152179 TOTAL6514,6665,317

11. The Integrated Taxonomic Information System-Species 2000 Catalog of Life

12. 16.3 Human dominance and exploitation of major components of the Earth’s life support systems

13. 16.11 Patterns in recorded extinctions, and extinctions of two well-documented groups (Part 1)

14. 16.11 Patterns in recorded extinctions, and extinctions of two well-documented groups (Part 2)

15. 16.11 Patterns in recorded extinctions, and extinctions of two well-documented groups (Part 3)

16. 16.12 Number of introduced plant species varies substantially among geographic regions (Part 1)

17. 16.19 Causes of historical extinctions and of current endangerment in selected animal taxa (Part 1)

18. 16.19 Causes of historical extinctions and of current endangerment in selected animal taxa (Part 3)

19. 16.20 Trends in the relative numbers of insular and mainland extinctions of animals worldwide

20. Spread of Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) dispersal through Eurasia

21. Zebra Mussels became established the Great Lakes around 1985

22. Zebra Mussels quickly cover any stable surface. They also filter water clean changing the nutrient cycle

24. 16.21 Clearing of native N.A. forests has reduced native forest habitat (Part 1)

25. 16.21 Clearing of native N.A. forests has reduced native forest habitat (Part 2)

26. 16.21 Clearing of native N.A. forests has reduced native forest habitat (Part 3)

27. 16.21 Clearing of native N.A. forests has reduced native forest habitat (Part 4)

28. 16.21 Clearing of native N.A. forests has reduced native forest habitat (Part 5)

29. 16.22 Causes of endangerment for plants of the United States

30. 16.26 Depiction of the climate space of the basswood tree, and actual distribution (Part 1)

31. 16.26 Depiction of the climate space of the basswood tree, and actual distribution (Part 2)

32. 16.27 Present and predicted geographic ranges for four common tree species (Part 1)

33. 16.27 Present and predicted geographic ranges for four common tree species (Part 2)

34. 16.27 Present and predicted geographic ranges for four common tree species (Part 3)

35. 16.27 Present and predicted geographic ranges for four common tree species (Part 4)

36. 16.41 Patterns of range collapse in four endangered or extinct N.A. bird species (Part 2)

37. 16.45 Anthropogenic loss and transformation of native land and seascapes typically proceeds in non-random fashion (Part 1)

40. Box 17.2 Mapping the ecological impact of human populations (Part 1)

41. Box 17.2 Mapping the ecological impact of human populations (Part 2)

42. 17.6 The application of biogeographic principles to the optimal design of nature reserves (Part 1)

43. 17.6 The application of biogeographic principles to the optimal design of nature reserves (Part 2)

44. Biosphere Reserve Core area Buffer zone 1 Buffer zone 2 Human settlements Tourism and education center Research station Biosphere Reserve Planning

46. 17.8 The U.S. GAP Analysis Program’s approach for identifying sites in need of protection (Part 1)

47. 17.8 The U.S. GAP Analysis Program’s approach for identifying sites in need of protection (Part 2)

48. 17.2 The geographic range of the woolly mammoth (Part 1)

49. 17.2 The geographic range of the woolly mammoth (Part 2)

50. 16.19 Causes of historical extinctions and of current endangerment in selected animal taxa (Part 2)

51. 16.19 Causes of historical extinctions and of current endangerment in selected animal taxa (Part 4)

52. 16.1 Numbers and patterns of threatened and extinct species (Part 2)

53. 16.1 Numbers and patterns of threatened and extinct species (Part 3)

54. 16.4 Latitudinal trend in distribution of endemic bird areas follows species richness in general

55. 16.5 Endemic bird areas are not randomly distributed across the globe