1. AP Human Geography Week #24
Winter 2014

2. AP Human Geography 2/23/15 http://mrmilewski.com
NO SCHOOL: Snow Day#6

3. AP Human Geography 2/24/15 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of Chapter#9-Political Geography & begin examination of agriculture. APHugVII
Language objective: Write about urbanization & agriculture.
I. Administrative Stuff
-Attendance & distribution of test
II. Chapter#9 Test
III. Journal#70
-Chapter#11 vocabulary
Homework: Read p
Journals#55-70 Due!
NOTICE: 80 Days until the AP Test May 15th

4. AP Exam Registration
Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam.
Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17th!

5. 1.) Agriculture The deliberate tending of crops
Example: What feeds our families

6. 2.) Primary Economic Activity
Involves those products closest to the ground such as agriculture, ranching, hunting & gathering, fishing, forestry, mining, and quarrying.
Example: What this chapter is about

7. 3.) Secondary Economic Activity
Activities that take a primary product and manufacture it
Example: What Chapter#12 is about

8. 4.) Root Crop
Crops that are reproduced by cultivating roots or cutting plants (tubers, including manioc or cassava, yams and sweet potatoes)
Example: Beginning of human plant domestication.

9. 5.) Seed Crop
Plants that reproduce by growing seeds. More complex process that includes seed selection, sowing, watering, and well-timed harvesting.
Example: Basis of first agricultural revolution.

10. 6.) Agricultural Revolution
Three parts
1st 14,000 years ago
2nd seventeenth & eighteenth century
3rd Green revolution 1930s & 1940s
Example: These 3 revolutions led to the creation and growth of society

11. 7.) Slash & Burn All the vegetation cut down and burned
Example: Mainly used in tropical regions

12. 8.) van Thunen Model
First model to analyze the spatial character of and economic activity
Example: Why certain agricultural industries locate where they do

13. 9.) GM Crops genetically modified organisms
Example: 75% of all processed foods in the US today are GM

14. 10.) Climatic Regions Areas of similar climatic characteristics
Example: Lets you know what you can grow

15. Homework
Read p
Begin working on Chapter#11 Guided Reading pt.I
Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16th

16. AP Human Geography 2/25/15 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine FRQs. APHugV.A.2&3
Language objective: Write about human geography.
I. Administrative Stuff
-attendance
-return journals, Ch#9 Test, & Ch#8 FRQ
II. Quiz#43
III. Review Chapter#9 Test
IV. FRQ Day#14-Workshop
-review of Ch#8 FRQs
-new FRQ day format discussion
-FRQ Day# FRQ#1
Homework: Read p
Notice: 79 Days until the AP Test May 15th

17. AP Exam Registration
Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam.
Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17th!

18. Homework
Read p
Continue working on Chapter#11 Guided Reading pt.I
Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16th

19. AP Human Geography 2/26/15 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examine agriculture FRQs. APHugV.A.2&3
Language objective: Write about agriculture.
I. Administrative Stuff
-attendance
-review FRQ from yesterday
II. FRQ Day#15
-FRQ 2012 #2
III. Film: Guns, Germs, & Steel
Homework: Read p
Notice: 78 Days until the AP Test May 15th

20. AP Exam Registration
Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam.
Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17th!

21. Episode 1 Chapters 6-8: The Impact of Productive Farming, Animal Domestication & Types of Farmed Animals

22. Homework
Read p
Continue working on Chapter#11 Guided Reading pt.I
FRQ Binder Due Tomorrow!
Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16th

23. AP Human Geography 2/27/15 http://mrmilewski.com
OBJECTIVE: Examination of the Second and Third Agricultural Revolutions. APHugV.A.2&3
Language objective: Write about agriculture.
I. Quiz#44
II. Journal#71 pt.A
-notes on the agricultural revolutions
III. Journal#71 pt.B
-complete film Guns, Germs, & Steel
Homework: Complete Guided Reading pt.I
Notice: 77 Days until the AP Test May 15th

24. AP Exam Registration
Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office Tuesdays and Thursdays.
Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam.
Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17th!

25. Arable Land

26. Economic Activities
Primary economic activities: Products closest to the ground
Secondary economic activities: Manufacturing of primary products into new products
Tertiary economic activities: Services, connecting producers to consumers to facilitate trade
Quaternary economic activities: Information or the exchange of goods
Quinary economic activities: Tied into research or higher education

27. Labor Force in Agriculture, 2005
Fig. 10-3: A large proportion of workers in most LDCs are in agriculture, while only a small percentage of workers in MDCs are engaged in agriculture.

28. Tractors, per cropland
Fig. 10-4: Tractors per 1000 hectares of cropland. Use of machinery is extensive in most MDC agriculture, but it is much less common in LDCs.

29. The First Agricultural Revolution
South and Southeast Asia: Root crops, up to 14,000 years ago
Southwest Asia (the Fertile Crescent): Seed crops, about 10,000 years ago

30. The Fertile Crescent Beginning of planned cultivation of seed crops
Enlargement of plants from seed selection
Generated a surplus of wheat and barley
First integration of plant growing and animal raising
Crops to feed livestock
Livestock to help grow crops
Animal domestication
Began in Fertile Crescent (c years ago)
Relatively few domestic animals
Continuing efforts at domesticating animals usually not very successful

31. The Fertile Crescent

32. Modern Hunters-Gatherers
Pressure to change in globalized economy
Studied and mapped groups
San of Southern Africa
Aboriginals of Australia
Indigenous peoples of Brazil
Groups in Americas, Africa, Asia

33. Subsistence Agriculture
Strict meaning: Farmers produce enough for themselves and their families and do not enter the cash economy at all
Today, usually sell small amounts in the market
Characteristics
Land held in common
Surpluses shared with everyone
Personal wealth accumulation restricted
Individual advancement at expense of group limited

34. Subsistence Agriculture

35. Shifting Cultivation Shifting fields to find better land
Practiced primarily in tropical and subtropical regions
Cycle
Clear plot of vegetation
Plant crops
Loss of fertility
Loss of decaying vegetation
Leaching of nutrients
Abandon plot and begin again in a new location

36. Shifting Cultivation in Guatemala
Dense vegetation has been cut and is being burned to open land for farming.

37. Land Clearing in Colombia
Bulldozers are used to plow a road through the rain forest in Colombia.

38. How Did Agriculture Change with Industrialization?
Second Agricultural Revolution: A series of innovations, improvements, and techniques used to improve the output of agricultural surpluses
New tools
Advances in livestock breeding
New fertilizers
Started before the Industrial Revolution

39. Von Thünen Model
Variation in products by distance from the town, with livestock raising farthest away
Use of land governed by cost of transportation
First effort to analyze the spatial character of economic activity

40. Fig : Von Thünen’s model shows how distance from a city or market affects the choice of agricultural activity in (a) a uniform landscape and (b) one with a river.

41. Application of Von Thünen Model
Chinese village
Land improvement (by adding organic material) close to village
Land degradation (lots of pesticides and fewer conservation tactics) farther from village
Wealthy countries
Underlying principles on larger scale
Use of faster, higher capacity transportation

42. Third Agriculture Revolution (Green Revolution)
Began in U.S. Midwest, then applied to less wealthy countries
Invention of high-yield grains, especially rice, with goal of reducing hunger
Increased production of rice
New varieties of wheat and corn
Reduced famines due to crop failure
Most famines today due to political problems
Impact (in terms of hunger) greatest where rice is produced

43. Green Revolution Experiments

44. Grain Importers & Exporters
Fig : Most countries are net importers of grain. The U.S. is the largest net exporter.

45. Average Daily Calorie Consumption per Capita

46. Opposition to Green Revolution
Vulnerability to pests
Soil erosion
Water shortages
Micronutrient deficiencies
Dependency on chemicals for production
Loss of control over seeds
Genetically modified (GM) crops

47. Under-nourished Proportion
Fig :
The proportion of under-nourished population has declined in most LDCs, but is much higher in sub-Saharan Africa than in other areas of the world.

48. Population and Grain Production in Africa, 1961-2005
Fig : Cereal production has not kept up with the high rate of population growth in sub-Saharan Africa. (The graph is set to a base of 1.0 in 1961).

49. Homework Complete Chapter#11 Guided Reading pt.I
Ch#11 Guided Reading pt.I due on Monday!
Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16th