1. Output Break-out Session# 2 INTEROPERABILITY © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved CLOUD STANDARDS COORDINATION Cannes, 4-5 December 2012 1

2. Session 2 Interoperability Reported by: Keith Dickerson Co-facilitators: Gershon Janssen and Emmanuel Darmois Number participants: 56 © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 2

3. Functional scope Interoperability within the context of Cloud Computing means enabling the Cloud Computing Ecosystem whereby individuals and organizations are able to widely adopt Cloud Computing technology and related services in such a fashion that multiple Cloud platforms can exchange information in a unified manor and ultimately work together seamlessly. Examples of such interoperability are e.g. solutions running on multiple disparate Cloud instances and use of resources in other heterogeneous Cloud instances. To realize this desired Interoperability, standards are required at all levels, e.g. infrastructure, platform, application, service, data and management. © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 3

4. The ‘Buckets’ © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 4 What is Interop? Requirements for Interop Use Cases Exemplar Projects Protocols Interface definitions Metadata Levels of Interop Relevant SDOs SSOs, fora Vertical Industry/ Content Timelines for interop Services IaaS PaaS SaaS What is Infrastructure /Platforms? Rights to: Use, change, etc Policy Objectives

5. What is Interoperability? The ability of IT systems, as well as the business processes they support, to exchange data and enable the sharing of information and knowledge – UK Govt definition Interoperability means enabling the Cloud ecosystem so that multiple cloud platforms can exchange information Interoperability means being able to seamlessly exchange data at different layers between cloud service providers Interoperability is the capability of two systems understanding each others’ intents in exchange of communications Interoperability is an enabler for interchangeability (replacement of one element with another) Interoperability is the goal of standards but standards do not guarantee interoperability You can achieve interoperability without standards © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 5

6. What is Interoperability (2) Interoperability is an enabler for portability (at some level interoperability is portability) Portability refers to the ability to port the layer above PaaS portability is needed when moving apps Interoperability refers to provisioning within the layer itself – SaaS-to-SaaS interoperability occurs between apps Why is interoperability different in a cloud ecosystem compared to normal software development? Motivations for interoperability: 1. To increase customer choice, competition and innovation 2. To allow more players in the market 6 © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved

7. Policy Objectives (background information) Right to move applications between Cloud providers Right to port data (quickly) between Cloud providers Right of user to own their data Keep overhead of certification and compliance to a minimum Apply open access/open source policies that allow extension of APIs and specs Demand side: Interoperability between Cloud services from different providers to prevent vendor lock-in Open and flexible market to provide choice for consumers Transparency and technology neutrality 7 © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved

8. Requirements for Interoperability Between cloud providers Between public and private clouds Consumers to cloud providers Interoperability as a basis for a competitive market in services Extensibility to enable new services SaaS focus on domain specifics Generic solution across verticals Common taxonomy as a basis for interoperability Interoperability between and across devices Need to consider legacy 8 © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved

9. Use Cases (1) User of one Cloud accessing storage in another Cloud (to provide elastic storage) Applications and services running on (and communicating between) heterogeneous cloud platforms Application using resources (CPU, storage) in another heterogeneous cloud platform (resource bursting) Resource sharing across different time zones Demonstration of data portability (across Service Providers) What is needed to transfer a running STATEFULL service from Cloud Provider A to B? Moving a file sharing service between Cloud providers Moving a streaming service between Cloud providers © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 9

10. Use Cases (2) B2B (or Govt) procurement from Buyer Cloud vs. Supplier Cloud End customer (SME) going through broker (IT Provider) to Cloud Move of on-premise server to/from public, private or hybrid Cloud Multi-operator or multi-service provider conferencing Demonstration of need for integration/federation of Clouds Demonstration of use of Trans-National / Trans-Regional Clouds VM Govt (G-Cloud) – universal service for Govt staff © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 10

11. Use Case: User Access 11 Cloud a Cloud b User Access Networks NNI a.Direct User to Remote Service b.Bring Service to User © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved

12. Use Case: Trans-National Cloud Cloud a User Cloud b Policy & Regulatory Jurisdictions? Cloud c © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 12

13. Levels Technical interoperability vs. trust/security interoperability Design principles for interoperability? How to design / describe Cloud architecture to achieve interoperability and test for it? Need an ecosystem and a reference architecture (example in next slide) How to deal with legacy management? © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 13

14. Levels: Example reference architecture Virtualization Resources Cloud Services Service Orchestration Cloud Access Security Management UNI u-NNI NNI v-NNI CPN User Transport ? ? © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 14

15. Levels: Interconnection & Federation Cloud a Cloud b User Access Networks NNI ?? Cloud-Cloud Interconnection Content Interconnection (CDN-I) Cloud Federation Regulation & Policy Impacts © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 15

16. Services Should be based on user needs Service Composition for horizontal business extension Directory of common terms and descriptions Forward & backwards compatibility for content/platform/description © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 16

17. Interfaces Interoperability Interface for Service Management Service access Service management Service operation CDMI (SNIA) CiMi (DMTF) © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 17

18. Protocols CAMP (OASIS) IDCloud (OASIS) OAuth (IETF) Odata (OASIS) Open ID Connect (OIDF) SAML (OASIS) TOSCA (OASIS) UMA (Kantara Initiative) © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 18

19. APIs OpenStack CloudStack OCCI Do we need a standardised IaaS API to remove the jungle of APIs? Should we adopt / upgrade an OS API such as OpenStack? Interoperability of the user interface: APIs used to inject data APIs used to extract results 3 levels: “Right to use” API “Right to implement” API “Right to change” API © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 19

20. Content Access to content on different clouds Interoperability of DRMs © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 20

21. Timeline Innovate now Interoperate soon Standardise well-know © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved 21

22. Exemplar Projects Cloud Plugfest: Showcase of solutions for interoperability Compatible One: Standards-based Cloud broker and PaaS provider EASI-CLOUDS: Brokering and Federation EGI Inspire Task Federation of Private Clouds: testbed of federated clouds Eurocloud: 3D Server on a Chip HELIX-NEBULA: Partnership between IT providers and 3 of Europe’s biggest research centres OCEAN: Generate synergies among open source Cloud projects in Europe, Japan, US, etc OPTIMIS: Multi-cloud IaaS scenario SIENNA: Standards catalogue 22 © ETSI 2012. All rights reserved

23. Organizations delivering technical specifications and/or standards CSA - OCF CSSC DMTF (OVF) ETSI GCF IEEE SA IETF ISO/IEC JTC1 SC38 ITU-T SG13, SG17 NIST OASIS ODCA OMG OGF (OpenGridForum) OW2 SNIA TMForum W3C 23