1. CELLS
By: Angelique

2. THE CELL The cell is a functional basic unit
of life. Cells have all different kinds
of stuff in them. For example there is
Nucleus, vacuole, cytoplasm, etc.

3. Nucleus The nucleus is the control center.
it directs all of the cell’s activities. If
you look into a plant or animal cell
the Nucleus is surrounded by a
membrane.

4. Vacuole All vacuoles are filled with fluid.
A vacuole is used to store stuff like
water and nutrients, just like sugar
and minerals. The vacuole is also
used to store more stuff like waste
and to move waste and excess water
out of the cell.

5. Cell Wall The cell wall protects and supports the plant cell. Some
kind of plant cells have a single
wall that provides more support
and strength.

6. Mitochondria Mitochondria, are circular or rod-shaped
organelles. They are usually referred to as
the power plants of cells. They provide cells With energy

7. Cytoplasm Cytoplasm is a watery fluid that contains
everything inside the cell membrane and
outside the nucleus. Most of the cell’s
chemical activities take place in the cytoplasm.

8. Chromosomes Chromosomes are found inside
nucleus. They contain DNA or genetic
information, which holds “construction plans”
for all the pieces of the cell.

9. Cilia A cilia are tiny hairs that work together to move a cell or to
move the fluid surrounding
the cell. They are not found
on all of the cells.

10. Flagellum Only some animal cells have
flagellum, or whip-like tail, that
helps the cells to move. A
flagellum is not found in all cells

11. Chloroplast They are the food factories of the
Plant cell. They contain many
molecules of a green chemical
called chlorophyll. Chlorophyll
allows plant cells to make their
own food, using light from the Sun,
carbon dioxide, and water. But
animal cell can not do this.

12. Organelles The cytoplasm, the working area of a cell,
contains tiny structures called organelles.
many of these organelles can be seen only
with a transmission electron microscope.

13. Ribosomes Ribosomes are very small organelles.
They are so small that they appear as
small fuzzy dots even when viewed
with a transmission electron microscope.
Ribosomes use information from the
Nucleus and molecules from the cytoplasm
to produce proteins. Proteins are needed
for cell growth, repair, and reproduction.

14. Endoplasmic reticulum
Is a series of folded membranes “rough”
endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes
attached to it. “smooth” endoplasmic
reticulum has no ribosomes attached to
it and is the structure where fats(lipids)
are made. Both types of endoplasmic
reticulum carry materials through the
cytoplasm.

15. Golgi Apparatus Is a structure that looks like a stack of
flattened balloons. This organelles stores
proteins and puts them into packages
called vesicles. The vesicles carry the
proteins molecules to the surface of the
cell, where they are released to the outside.
the proteins in the vesicles vary, depending
on their function.

16. Lysosomes They are formed by the Golgi apparatus
to patrol and clean the cytoplasm. They
contain special proteins that are used to
break down large molecules into many
smaller molecules. In humans and other
animals, lysosomes play an important role
in destroying harmful substances and
invading bacteria that enter the cell.

17. Differences between plant and animal cells

18. Animal and plant cells Animal cell Similarities Plant cell Cell wall
Cell membrane
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplast
Vacuole membrane
Raphide crystal
Druse crystal
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Amyloplast
Large central vacuole
Rough ER
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Smooth ER
Ribosome
Golgi vesicles
Cell membrane
Lysosome
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Nuclear membrane
Vacuole
Mitochondrion
Golgi body
Ribosomes
Smooth ER
Rough ER
Cytoplasm
centrosome
Cell membrane
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Rough ER
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Smooth ER
Ribosome
Lysosome

19. The difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

20. Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
Similarities
Eukaryotes
DNA
Nucleoid
There smaller then eukaryotes
They have no organelles wrapped
In membranes.
Plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
DNA
Nucleoid region
Ribosomes
DNA
Nucleus
Membrane
There bigger then prokaryotes
They have microtubules in there
flagella/cilia
Nucleoid region

21. The end