1. History of Security
Security Services

2. Copyright and Terms of Service
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3. Private Security
What is private security? The wide range of activities used by nongovernment organizations and persons to protect themselves from criminal endeavors
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4. Private Security (continued)
Studies show (Roberson & Birzer, 2010):
Private security companies employ about 2 million officers in the U.S.
There are less than 700,000 sworn law enforcement officers in the U.S.
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5. Private Security (continued)
Corporate – security departments within businesses or corporations
Contract – firms that sell their services to the public, including businesses, homeowners, and banks
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6. Private Security (continued)
Personal weapons
Commissioned and non-commissioned officers
Private investigations
Barriers or walls around homes or cities
Citizen protection groups
Burglar alarms and installation
Body guards and/or night watchmen
Online banking protection and the security of data
Guard dog trainers and handlers
Qualified managers and/or security consultants
Locksmiths
Electronic access control service officers and installations
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7. Examples of Private Security
The Great Wall of China
Moats, bridges, and borders
Modern gated communities
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8. Development in England
King Edward I – divided England into districts and made the citizens responsible for their own security
The middle class revolted and hired people to protect their districts for them
In 1748, author Henry Fielding created the Bow Street Amateur Volunteer Force; proposed a permanent, professional, paid security force; encouraged the reporting of crimes
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9. Development in England (continued)
The West India Trading Company created the Thames River Police as a private security force to deter theft at their port.
The Thames River Police became the first regular professional police force in London
Officers patrolled visibly to prevent thefts
Officers were salaried – prohibited from taking fees
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10. Development in England (continued)
The Metropolitan Police Act of 1829 recorded a distinction between
Police – maintain law and order
Private security – security for private property
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11. Development in the U.S. and TX
The watch system was imported from England
New York, 1783 – the first formal policing agency, followed by Detroit, Cincinnati, and Chicago
New York, 1844 – the first public police force was established
Moral societies, including evangelical police, which enforced Puritan propriety
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12. Notable People in the U.S.
Allan Pinkerton ( )
1850 – formed Chicago’s first private detective agency
1857 – founded the North West Police Agency, providing security for the railroad industry
1859 – founded the Pinkerton Protection Patrol, providing guard services for industrial companies
Pinkerton is considered the father of the private security industry
1880s – Pinkerton maintained records of known criminals – the only general file of the time
Pinkerton’s, Inc. is still one of the largest agencies providing security services in the U.S.
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13. Notable People in the U.S. (continued)
Allan Pinkerton – Fun facts
Pinkerton fled to the U.S. from Scotland to escape arrest for political and social reform efforts
The Pinkerton Agency is credited with chasing Butch Cassidy’s gang across the West into South America
The Battle of Homestead – the infamous incident between mill laborers and Pinkerton officers in which women and children of the laborers on strike humiliated Pinkerton agents
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14. Notable People in the U.S. (continued)
Wells and Fargo – the American Express Company partners for express freight delivery; used employees as security officers
Washington Perry Brink – started Brinks, Inc. as a package delivery service; now the largest armored car and courier service in the U.S.
Edwin Holmes – the first burglar alarm service
American District Telegraph (ADT) – installed, monitored, and maintained alarm systems; responded to home alarm situations; services more than 5 million homes and 2 million businesses worldwide
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15. Notable People in the U.S. (continued)
George R. Wackenhut
Left the FBI in 1954 to start Special Agent Investigators, a private security company
Forerunner for integrated security solutions, integrating physical security and electronic security equipment
Wackenhut Nuclear Services – protects more than half of the U.S. commercial nuclear power-generating plants
Wackenhut Services, Inc. – now the largest contract security provider to the federal government
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16. Development in the U.S. and TX (continued)
The Texas Department of Public Safety Private Security Bureau originated in 1969 as the Texas Board of Private Investigators and Private Security Agencies
1998 – renamed as the Texas Commission on Private Security then associated with Texas Department of Public Safety in September 2003
In 2004 it was abolished and reestablished as the Department's Private Security Bureau
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17. Professional Security Associations
American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS)
The first professional organization for security personnel
Still the largest, with more than 35,000 members worldwide
Its mission is to increase the effectiveness of security professionals and advocate the value of security management
Certification programs include Certified Protection Professional, Physical Security Professional, and Professional Certified Investigator
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18. Professional Security Associations (continued)
National Association of Security Companies (NASCO)
The largest contract security trade association
National Council of investigation and Security Services, Inc. (NCISS)
Provides private security and investigation services to legal, business, and government professionals, and the public
Addresses overly restrictive legislation for training and standards, local licensing, and public misunderstanding of the role of private investigators and security services.
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19. Today’s Role of Private Security
Private security agencies have moved beyond simply protecting private property
The line between what is public and private property and who is responsible for policing it is blurred
Private Security has advanced cyber security operations
Private security has interfaced with U.S. state and city police agencies
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20. Today’s Role of Private Security (continued)
Private security includes a wide variety of roles:
Maintaining order in private and public places
Hospital security
Investigating alleged crimes
Detaining alleged criminals in public spaces
Training partner nations
Providing ground and aviation logistics support
Patrolling mass private property
Guarding federal, state, city, and private facilities
Working with the armed forces worldwide
Supporting the operations of Customs and the Border Patrol
Providing screening at airports and other U.S. transportation facilities
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21. Training Standards
Training and qualification standards for contract security officers are subject to applicable state and federal regulations
Standards may require
An extensive background check and exam
Certification for CPR, domestic violence, and first-aid
Initial handgun proficiency and annual weapons requalification
Drug testing
Uniform requirements
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22. Federal Customers Federal customers for contract security include
Federal Protective Services (FPS)
Department of Defense
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23. Regulation of Private Security
Federal
Persons employed by federal agencies are regulated by the federal agency involved
U.S. Private Security Officer Employment Act of 2004 – provides a convenient way for employers to obtain criminal histories from different states
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24. Regulation of Private Security
State
Training requirements range widely from a minimum of 4 hours to 40-plus hours
Background screening – ranges from local to national criminal checks
Additional requirements exist for armed officers
The trend is toward increased state regulation
Occupations Code Title 10 – occupations related to law enforcement and security Chapter Private security
There are 5 levels of private security officer in the State of Texas: I, II, III, IV and Manager
There are various occupational levels of Private Security Officer, Commissioned and Noncommissioned Officer, Private Investigator, Security Manager/Owner, and Process Server
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25. Regulation of Private Security (continued)
Licensed private security officers must usually
Be at least 18
Pass a background check
Complete classroom training
Pass random and ongoing drug tests
Be a U.S. citizen or be authorized to work in the U.S.
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26. Transformation of Policing
Policing, the activity of making societies safe, is no longer carried out exclusively by governments
Private security officers outnumber public police in most countries
People spend more time in places where visible crime prevention and control are provided by nongovernmental groups
This transformation is occurring worldwide, regardless of differences in wealth or economic systems
The transformation is more accurately defined as multilateralization instead of privatization; public and private are being combined in new ways that make it difficult to separate public from private.
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27. Resources
, Introduction to Private Security: Theory Meets Practice, Roberson & Birzer, Prentice Hall, 2010.
Occupations Code. Title 10. Chapter Private security
Texas Private Security Bureau (PSB), Texas Department of Public Safety
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services
American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS)
Texas Private Security Bureau (PSB)
U.S. Citizen and Immigration Services (USCIS)
American Society for Industrial Security (ASIS) 
National Council of Investigation and Security Services (NCISS)
National Association of Security Companies (NASCO) 
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