1. Developing a 21st Century Organization
CHAPTER 20
Developing a 21st Century Organization

2. LEARNING OUTCOMES
20.1 List and describe the four 21st century trends that businesses are focusing on and rank them in order of business importance 20.2 Explain how the integration of business and technology is shaping 21st century organizations

3. DEVELOPING ORGANIZATIONS
21ST century organizations must:
Recognize the immense power of technology
Carry out required organizational changes
Learn to operate in an entirely different way

4. DEVELOPING ORGANIZATIONS
Industries that have changed due to technology
Travel
Entertainment
Electronics
Financial services
Retail
Automobiles
Education and training

5. 21ST CENTURY ORGANIZATIONAL TRENDS
21st century business trends include:
Uncertainty in terms of future business scenarios and economic outlooks
Emphasis on strategic analysis for cost reduction and productivity enhancements
Focus on improved business resiliency via the applications of enhanced security

6. 21ST CENTURY ORGANIZATIONAL TRENDS
Four technology areas where organizations are focusing:
IT infrastructures
Security
E-business
Integrations

7. Increased Focus on IT Infrastructures
IT infrastructure – the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provide the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals

8. Increased Focus on Security
Physical security integration and best security practices

9. Increased Focus on E-Business
New e-business trends include:
Mobile commerce – the ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device
Telematics – blending computers and wireless telecommunications technologies with the goal of efficiently conveying information over vast networks to improve business operations
Electronic tagging – a technique for identifying and tracking assets and individuals
Radio frequency identification (RFID) – chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers and relay this information to electronic readers

10. Increased Focus on Integration
The integration of business and technology

11. Increased Focus on Integration
Overall, core business relationships and models are changing
Product-centricity to customer-centricity
Mass production to mass customization
The value in material things to the value of knowledge and intelligence

12. Increased Focus on Integration
A new series of business success factors and challenges are emerging
Organization agility
Focus on core competencies and processes
Redefinition of the value chain
Instantaneous business response
Ability to scale resources and infrastructure across geographic boundaries

13. Increased Focus on Integration
Never before have IT investments played such a critical role in business success
As business strategies continue to evolve, the distinction between “the business” and “IT” will virtually disappear

14. CHAPTER TWENTY Opening Case Study Questions
Why is it critical that the government develops its IT infrastructure using a 21st century strategy?
How would the government define security when developing its 21st century strategy?
How would the government define its ebusiness infrastructure when developing its 21st century strategy?
Why is it important that the government control all integrations into its systems?

15. CHAPTER TWENTY CASE Creating a Clearer Picture for PBS
Andre Mendes, Chief Technology Integration Officer (CTIO) for PBS, oversees the company’s technology organization, a 50-person group
PBS IT projects are getting bigger and bigger, with more and more collaboration, with a more global picture
The broadcast environment is becoming an IT environment as the company uncovers new ways to improve quality of service and increase opportunities for innovation through new digitized formats

16. CHAPTER TWENTY CASE QUESTIONS
Assess the impact to PBS’s business if it failed to focus on IT infrastructure when determining its 21st century business strategy
Assess the impact to PBS’s business if it failed to focus on security when determining its 21st century business strategy
Assess the impact to PBS’s business if it failed to focus on e-business when determining its 21st century business strategy
Assess the impact to PBS’s business if it failed to focus on integrations when determining its 21st century business strategy

17. BUSINESS DRIVEN TECHNOLOGY
UNIT FIVE CLOSING

18. UNIT CLOSING CASE ONE Twitter
Why do 21st century organizations need to understand the power of microblogging?
How can a global organization use Twitter to improve operations?
How could a project manager use Twitter to help track project progress?

19. UNIT CLOSING CASE ONE Twitter
How could a global systems development effort use Twitter to improve the development process?
What types of strategic information systems could use Twitter to improve the system? Which development methodology would you recommend the company use when integrating Twitter into its current systems?
What types of ethical and security issues should a company using Twitter anticipate?

20. UNIT CLOSING CASE TWO Women in Technology
Which of the above companies has the most disruptive technology that is capable of making the greatest impact on business?
Choose one of the above companies and create a Porter’s Five Forces analysis to highlight potential issues the company might face in the 21st century

21. UNIT CLOSING CASE TWO Women in Technology
Why is building agile software important to all companies?
What types of information security issues should the companies be aware of as they enter the 21st century?
What types of ethical dilemmas should the companies be aware of as they enter the 21st century?