1. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Sample Hierarchy for AIDS with Pneumonia AIDS with bacterial pneumonia AIDS with viral Pneumonia About SNOMED Relationships AIDS AIDS with Pneumonia AIDS with pneumococcal pneumonia

2. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Relationships for AIDS with Pneumonia (233604007) Pneumonia (19030005) Human immuno- deficiency virus (39607008) Lung structure (111885006) AIDS with pneumonia (62479008) AIDS (23583003) Inflammation Associated morphology Is a Has finding site Has causative agent (116003000) Immune system structure Has finding site

3. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Relationships for AIDS with Pneumococcal Pneumonia (233604007) Pneumonia (19030005) Human immuno- deficiency virus (39607008) Lung structure (37721008) AIDS with pneumococcal pneumonia (62479008) AIDS (23583003) Inflammation Associated morphology Is a Has finding site Has causative agent (116003000) Immune system structure (9861002) Streptococcus pneumoniae Has finding site Has causative agent

4. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Family streptococcaceae Hierarchy for Streptococcus Pneumoniae (Organism) Streptococcus pneumoniae (Living organism) Streptococcus SubclassGram Positive Cocci Catalase-negative Gram-positive coccus Gram-positive coccus

5. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Subfamily lentivirinae Hierarchy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (Organism) Human immunodeficiency virus Primate immunodeficiency virus Retrovirus

6. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Concept Inter-relationships for Disorders SNOMED CT uses relationships between concepts to provide logical, computer readable definitions of medical concepts. These relationships, which can be hierarchical or non- hierarchical, enable health data to be re-used for decision support, outcomes analysis and clinical research. Follow this link to see the relationship types applicable to finding and disorders.relationship types

7. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists Relationship Types for Disorders Clinical Attributes Finding Site Causative Agent Associated Morphology Laterality Hierarchical Is a

8. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists The “Is a” Relationship The “Is a” relationship is used to create a hierarchical relationships between concepts, relating specific concepts to a more general category. For example: “Streptococcus pneumoniae”“Is a” (kind of) “Streptococcus”

9. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists The “Finding site” Relationship The “Finding site” relationship identifies the part of the body affected by the specific disorder or finding. For example: “Pneumonia” (has) “Finding site” “Lung structure”

10. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists The “Causative agent” Relationship The “Causative agent” relationship identifies the direct cause of the disorder or finding. The causative agent is the bacterium, virus, toxin or environmental agent that causes the disorder. For example: “AIDS” (has) “Causative agent” “HIV virus”

11. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists The “Associated morphology” Relationship The “Associated morphology” relationship identifies the abnormal physical condition that is characteristic of a given disorder or finding. For example: “Pneumonia” (has) “Associated morphology” “Inflammation”

12. Copyright © 2001 College of American Pathologists The “Laterality” Relationship The laterality relationship specifies the side of the body that applies to an anatomy concept. Procedures, findings and disorders can have laterality by qualifying their site (procedure-site or finding-site). For example: “Left kidney” (has) “Laterality” “Left” “Cyst of left kidney” (has) “Finding site” “Left Kidney” “Biopsy of left kidney” (has) “Procedure site” “Left Kidney”