1. Legacy Migration and Modernization: Leveraging the Value of Your Existing Applications in a Modern Enterprise Architecture
Bob Mastro – Vice President Health and Human Services
NYC Technology Forum, November 1, 2007
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

2. Leveraging the value of your existing applications…
Enterprise Architecture
Unisys ADM
Vision and practice
Modernization Strategy & tactics
Model-Driven Architecture
Service-Oriented Architecture
OMG ADM
efforts
Architecture- Driven Modernization
Enterprise Architecture
Model-Driven Architecture
Service-Oriented Architecture
Existing Software
Modernization Strategy & tactics
Unisys ADM
Vision and practice
OMG ADM
efforts
Architecture- Driven Modernization
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

3. The field is rarely green
The Assumption
The Reality
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

4. Knowledge-Based Modernization
Critical Business Knowledge is locked inside three sources of knowledge
Documentation
Subject Matter Experts
Applications
(most accurate)
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

5. The “legacy” application: an asset and a liability
The moment an application goes into production, it becomes “legacy”
It’s an asset!
Functional
Customized
Well-tuned
Supports mission critical operations
Provides a competitive edge
It’s a liability!
Uses old technology
Requires hard-to-find skills
Lacks documentation
Hard to maintain
Resists change, integration, and replacement
“You got to ac-cent-tchu-ate the positive, E-lim-i-nate the negative!”
— Song lyric by Johnny Mercer, 1944
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

6. Reduce the negatives through modernization
Architectural “big picture” view
Align software assets with enterprise architecture vision:
Architecture-Driven Modernization (ADM)
Ongoing management process view
Disciplined, strategic planning for old and new applications:
Application Portfolio Management (APM)
Cost-benefit view
Apply across all software assets:
Application Portfolio Analysis (APA)
“Home Improvement” view
Never-ending
Plan to spend money
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

7. Architecture-Driven Modernization (ADM)
The process of understanding & evolving existing software assets within an architectural framework
The mirror image of Model-Driven Architecture (MDA)
Forward Engineering
M D A
Reverse Engineering
A D M
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

8. ADM & MDA A D M M D A “As is” “To be”
Extract,
Abstract, and Model Knowledge
Computation Independent Viewpoint
Platform Independent Viewpoint
Platform Specific Viewpoint M D A
domain
design
code
ADM & MDA
Modernization begins with the extraction and abstraction of knowledge from the existing application
How far to abstract? It depends on the type of modernization
Existing Application
Understand
&
Evolve
New or
Renewed Application
“As is”
“To be”
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

9. EM (a.k.a. ADM) covers a broad scope
Enterprise Modernization (EM) is a discipline concerned with
evolving existing systems to meet future needs
identification of the gap between existing system and enterprise’s current requirements
preserving investments in existing systems (including proven business logic and expertise of current staff)
understanding existing software and other IT assets
Architecture-Driven Modernization (ADM) is the process of understanding & evolving existing software assets for purposes of:
application portfolio management
code improvement
programming language translation
integration
platform migration
data migration
consolidation
data warehousing
reuse
package selection
service-oriented architecture
model-driven architectures
— Object Management Group ADM Task Force
3D-VE uses the terms “ADM”, “Enterprise Modernization”, “Enterprise Asset Modernization”, “Legacy Modernization” and “IT Modernization” as synonyms
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

10. Six modernization styles
Definition
Results
Discover
Mine knowledge and abstract it to the right level
As-Is model at the appropriate level of abstraction
2. Refactor
Improve application without changing language or platform
Streamlined application with no dead code, no database redundancy, etc.
3. Translate
Highly automated language-to-language translation
Application in the target language replicates functionality
4. Wrap
Encapsulate cohesive functionality in a SOA harness
Portions of original application turned into components providing services
5. Replace
Replace applications with new custom or packaged solutions
New, modern components that provide services that replace the legacy system
6. Orchestrate
Orchestrate wrapped and newly replaced services
The composite solution using existing and new services
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

11. Unisys ADM framework Refactor Translate Wrap Replace Orchestrate
MODERNIZATION BUILDING BLOCKS
MODERNIZATION BUILDING BLOCKS
MODERNIZATION BUILDING BLOCKS
Unisys ADM framework
Refactor
Mine Knowledge
Translate
Wrap
Replace
Orchestrate
Discover & Understand
“AS IS” APPLICATION
“TO BE” APPLICATION
Application
Business
Realization
Implemen- tation
PERSPECTIVE
Business processes
Business info reqs Business rules
Logical data model Application boundaries Application logic
Physical data model
Interface definitions
Execution flows
Program logic
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

12. Abstracting knowledge to business rules model level
Vocabulary
Trace back
OMG SBVR Standard [3]
Enables
Legacy asset
preservation
Business model
optimization
Forward
engineering
Spaghetti code, hiding business knowledge
“Your Application”
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

13. Mining knowledge from the outside in
Business rule
Error Message
Start with “boundary elements” visible from the outside of the application, and follow paths through the code
Tools are essential, but...
Report Field
First law of knowledge mining
"Only a computer can analyze vast quantities of code, but only a human being can recognize what has business value."
Green Screen Field
“Your Application”
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

14. The modernization journey…
…begins with mining of knowledge from existing applications…
SOA?
…and heads towards Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
SOA what!
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

15. SOA enablement: Wrap and reuse
Back-end systems (Black box)
Service Consumer (Client)
Request message
Service interface
Service wrapping
Result message
Standard & visible
Implementation is hidden
Conceptual “service bus” based on messaging
Eligibility
Determination
Call
Center
Web self- service
Case management
Open case
Address change
Calculate budget
Reusable services
Multiple client applications sharing services
messages
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

16. SOA: avoiding spaghetti on top of spaghetti
Source: Gartner Group
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

17. Turning spaghetti code into services
“Pasta Transformation”
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

18. SOA enables composite applications
Composite applications represent a design pattern that combines current applications, new application logic and application integration to provide new functionality
Composite Application
Composite Service
Service
COBOL System
.Net Component
Java EE Component
SOA provides a way to assemble composite applications in a productive and flexible manner
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

19. Part 2: The Unisys vision for Architecture-Driven Modernization: Theory into practice
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

20. Knowledge-Based Modernization
Upgrading & Optimization
New Business Requirements / Optimization Criteria
To-Be Business Model
(Vocabulary + Rules + Processes)
Business Domain
Abstract
As-Is Business Model
(Vocabulary + Rules + Processes)
ADM
Define SOA
To-Be SOA Application Model
(Data + Choreography
+ Orchestration)
Reversed Engineering
Forward Engineering
Mine
As-Is Application Model
(Data + Logic + Flows)
Generate
Existing Solution
Target Solution
IT Domain
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

21. Applications Wrapping – SOA
Using Unisys tools from partners Relativity Technologies and KDM Analytics
Document your legacy assets
Expose, navigate & provide a flow of the application logic
Diagram all input and outputs
Excavate architecture – identify deficiencies (unnecessary dependencies, lack of structure, etc.)
Show database accesses & schema
Discover & define application rules
Complete inventory of all legacy assets
Streamline applications
Identify and eliminate dead code and code defects
Remove unnecessary dependencies
Transform applications
Break down application into modules
Transform modules into services
Replace presentation with HTML, Java
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

22. Example: linking rules to code
business vocabulary and rules implementations in the code
Unisys 3D-VE Rules Modeler
Technology is embedded in KM
Links between business vocabulary and rules and their implementations in the code
Code implementation discovered by 3rd-party mining tool
Inventory contains references to the source code
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

23. Unisys KMA for Business Rules
Discover intellectual property using Relativity
Reverse engineering of application code
Mines ‘programmatic’ rules
Create Business Rules Model using Unisys Rules Modeler
Maintain traceability between business rules and program rules
Enables a model-driven approach to forward engineering
Enables application re-partitioning from the business process perspective
Application can be restructured to optimize performance and maintenance
New requirements can be added at the “to-be” modeling stage
Can take advantage of model-driven code generation capabilities
Enables ‘gap analysis’ for replacement with ‘off-the-shelf’ application
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

24. Building a modernization strategy on Unisys ADM building blocks
The ADM approach for a given application may involve several ADM building blocks.
Discovery of existing application knowledge is required for all scenarios…
… but extent of discovery (“knowledge mining”) and level of abstraction varies by scenario
Your Application Portfolio
App 1
App 2
App 3
App 4
App 5
Discover
Refactor √
Translate √
Wrap √
Replace √
Orchestrate √ √
The decision of what to do for each piece depends as much as on business goals, migration logistics, and economics as on the state of the technology
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

25. Summary Modernization strategy Modernization tactics
Let enterprise architecture drive your strategy
Apply across your entire software portfolio
Modernization tactics:
Apply a combination of modernization building blocks: Refactor, translate, wrap, replace, orchestrate
Mine knowledge and abstract to appropriate level
Modernization journey:
Begin with understanding existing software
Head in the direction of Service Oriented Architecture
Unisys can help, using its expertise, methodology and partnerships
Modernization tactics
Modernization journey
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

26. Questions? For further information contact: robert.mastro@unisys.com
Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007

27. Legacy Migration and Modernization - NYC Technology Forum
11/01/2007