1. U.S. Trends in Work Organization and Job Stress Steven Sauter - Tapas Ray - Dennis Hanseman - Larry Murphy The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

2. Business Mergers and Acquisitions 10,000 5,000 1985‘96‘94‘92‘90‘98 Source: Census Bureau, 2000

3. Jobs Abolished Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2000 (as percent of total job loss) 1990 1992 1994 1998 1996 2000 1988

4. Temporary Workers (millions) 19941996 199019921998 2000 Source: American Staffing Association, 2003

5. 2000 Hours Worked per Week (% of workforce) 1977 Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey 35-49 hrs 50-70 hrs

6. Alternative Work Arrangements (California) Source: Rand Corporation, 2004 “…just one in three workers held only one dayshift on-site job that was permanent, full time, year-around and paid by the employer…”

7. …The rewards of the new economy are coming at the price of lives that are more frenzied, less secure…

8. Total Quality Management Source: Ben-Ner, 1999 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996

9. Self-managed Work Teams Source: Ben-Ner, 1999 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996

10. Joint Labor-Management Committees Source: Ben-Ner, 1999 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996

11. “…Considerable interest has been displayed…in the quality of working life.” Elliot Richardson, 1973

13. NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey 2002 & 2006 One-half of the questions were also used in 1969, 1973 and 1977.

14. 1969197219772002 Work fast Change in Work Intensity Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

15. 1969197219772002 Work fast Change in Work Intensity Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

16. 1972 Survey 1977 Survey U.S. Stock Market (Dow Jones Industrial Average) Economic contraction

17. U.S. Stock Market (Dow Jones Industrial Average) Economic expansion contraction

18. 1969197219772002 Work fast Change in Work Intensity Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute Families and Families Institute (1997)

19. Unemployment Work Fast 6% 4% 196919721977 19972002 Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

20. 2002 Survey 2006 Survey Economic expansion

21. 19691972197720062002 Change in Intensity (through 2006) Work Fast Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute Families and Work Institute (1997)

22. 199920062002 Job is Often or Always Stressful 19891977 Percent Agree Source: General Social Survey

23. Frequent Mental Distress (wage earners) 6 7 8 9 10 19931995199719992001 Percent Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

24. Lot of Say in Job (% agree) 1969197219772002 Change in Job Control Lots of say on the job Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

25. Learn new things 1969197219772002 Change in Control Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

26. 1969197219772002 Change in Control Use skills Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

27. Change in Control (through 2006) 19691972197720022006 Learn new things Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

28. Change in Control (through 2006) 19691972197720022006 Variety Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

29. Change in Control (through 2006) 19691972197720022006 Lots of say on the job Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey

30. Change in Control (through 2006) 19691972197720022006 Use skills Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Families and Work Institute Families and Work Institute (1997)

31. 19691972197720022006 Team work Source: Dept. of Labor Quality of Employment Survey NIOSH Quality of Work Life Survey Changing Organizational Practices (2002 - 2006) Participation in job decisions

32. Source: European Foundation for Improvement of Living and Working Conditions

33. Grazie per la vostra attenzione gentile!