1. Standard conduit designations Steel pipe Ductile iron pipe Steel tubing Copper tubing Polymeric conduits Reinforced hoses

2. Gear pump Fixed displacement V = (  /4) (D o 2 – D i 2 ) L Volumetric efficiency ~ 80 to 90% Theoretical flow rate Q = VN/231 Least expensive Lowest level of performance; slippage due to gear wear Mobile equipment; machine tools

4. Vane pump Can be variable displacement pump Volumetric efficiency – 82 to 92% Intermediate in costs & performance Needs clean oil to control wear

5. Piston pump Axial pump Bent axis pump Fixed or variable displacement Swash plate Volumetric efficiency – 90 to 98% Most expensive Highest level of performance: highest pressures Good durability & reliability

10. PUMP TYPE PRESSU RE RATING (PSI) SPEED RATING (RPM) OVERALL EFFICIENCY (%) HP/LBFLOW CAPACITY (GPM) COST ($/HP) External Gear 2000 – 3000 1200 – 2500 80 – 9021 – 1504 – 8 Internal Gear 500 – 2000 1200 – 2500 70 – 8521 – 2004 – 8 Vane1000 – 2000 1200 – 1800 80 – 9521 – 806 – 30 Axial Piston 2000 – 12000 1200 – 3000 90 – 9841 – 2006 – 50 Radial Piston 3000 - 12000 1200 - 1800 85 – 9531 - 200 5 - 35

11. Pump selection Depends on the following: Flow rate Operating speed Pressure rating Performance – efficiency Reliability Costs

12. Pump selection: Determine nature of load & task Decide on actuator to accomplish task Calculate the flow rate of pressurized fluid to move load through distance at given time limit Select pressure: P=F/A Set pump and prime mover speeds Select pump type Consider any special needs

13. Electri Motor Hydraulic Pump VI TT Hydraulic Cylinder or Motor pQ External Load F v cylinder T  Motor c Energy Conversions

27. 1.Piston 2.Cushion nose 3.Cylinder cap 4.Stroke volume 5.Cushion orifice 6.Throttle 7.Cushion adjustment screw 8.Mother 9.Non-return valve 10.Gas valve