1. F LORIDA S OLAR E NERGY C ENTER Creating Energy Independence Since 1975 A Research Institute of the University of Central Florida CLEANTECH SYMPOSIUM SERIES Building a Sustainable Future for Central Florida UCF Executive Development Center Orlando, Florida February 18, 2010 James M. Fenton Renewable Energy, Green Jobs and SunSmart Schools Plus

2. Renewable Portfolio Standards *NV: 25% by 2025 HI: 40% by 2030 TX: 5,880 MW by 2015 CA: 33% by 2020 NM: 20% by 2020 (IOUs) 10% by 2020 (co-ops) AZ: 15% by 2025 IA: 105 MW MN: 25% by 2025 (Xcel: 30% by 2020) WI: 10% by 2015 NY: 24% by 2013 ME: 30% by 2000 10% by 2017 – new RE CT: 23% by 2020 RI: 16% by 2020 PA: 18%** by 2020 NJ: 22.5% by 2021 MD: 20% by 2022 35 States + D.C. taken from DSIRE: www.dsireusa.orgwww.dsireusa.org Minimum solar or customer-sited RE requirement. *Increased credit for solar or customer-sited RE **Includes separate tier of non-renewable “alternative” energy resources DC: 20% by 2020 MT: 15% by 2015 *DE: 20% by 2019 IL: 25% by 2025 RES RE Goal November 2009 *WA: 15% by 2020 OR: 25% by 2025 (large utilities) 5-10% by 2025 (smaller utilities) CO: 20% by 2020 (IOUs) *10% by 2020 (co-ops & large munis) Solar water heating eligible ND: 10% by 2015 SD: 10% by 2015 *UT: 20% by 2025 OH: 25%** by 2025 MO: 15% by 2021 *VA: 15% by 2025 MA: 15% by 2020 + 1% annual increase (Class I Renewals) NH: 23.8% by 2025 NC: 12.5% by 2021 (IOUs) 10% by 2018 (co-ops & munis) VT: 20% by 2017 KS: 20% by 2020 *WV: 25%** by 2025 *MI: 10%+1,100 MW by 2015

3. Average Residential Retail Price of Electricity cents per kilowatthour NV: 12.8 HI: 23.8 TX: 12.7 CA: 15.1 NM: 10.2 AZ: 10.9 IA: 10.2 MN: 10.1 WI: 12.1 NY: 18.5 ME: 15.4 CT: 20.3 RI: 15.5 PA: 11.7 NJ: 16.6 MD: 15.2 MT: 8.9 DE: 14.1 IL: 11.4 RES RE Goal Year to date Oct. 2009 WA: 7.8 OR: 8.8 CO: 10.0 ND: 7.6 SD: 8.5 UT: 8.6 OH: 10.7 MO: 8.6 VA: 10.8 MA: 17.3 NH: 16.4 NC: 10.2 VT: 15.0 ID: 7.7 WY: 8.5 NE: 8.6 KS: 9.8 AR: 9.6 OK: 8.9 WV: 7.8 KY: 8.4 TN: 9.3 GA: 10.3 SC: 10.3 FL: 12.3 AL: 10.6 IN: 9.4 MI: 11.9 MS: 10.1 LA: 8.4 AL: 17.2

4. Although 90 percent of the country's coal reserves are concentrated in 10 states, coal in mined in 27 states and can be found in even more. Montana has the most coal, 25 percent of demonstrated reserves. Wyoming, third among states with the most coal, is first in coal output, accounting for 18 percent of annual production. State (2009 res electricity cost kWhr) Tons (billions) % of U.S. Montana (8.9 ¢ ) 12025.4 Illinois (11.4 ¢ ) 7816.5 Wyoming (8.5 ¢ ) 6814.4 West Virginia (7.8 ¢ ) 378.0 Kentucky (8.4 ¢ ) 306.3 Pennsylvania (11.7 ¢ ) 296.1 Ohio (10.7 ¢ ) 194.0 Colorado (10.0 ¢ ) 173.6 Texas (12.7 ¢ ) 132.7 Indiana (9.4 ¢ ) 102.1 Other States5110.9 TOTAL (11.7 ¢ ) 472100.0 Coal Mining States Reserves as of December 2005

7. Biomass Transportation fuel Biomass Baby Coal e -

8. 8 Solar Energy – The Alternative Most Abundant US Energy Resource Florida Sunshine Resource 2X Today’s Largest Market - Germany

9. 9 DeSoto Next Generation Solar Energy Center 25 MW solar photovoltaic facility Enough power to serve nearly 7,000 people Will be the largest solar photovoltaic plant in the world Space Coast Next Generation Solar Energy Center 10 MW solar photovoltaic facility Enough power to serve nearly 2,600 people Innovative partnership with NASA that will leverage engineering, design and operating expertise Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center 75 MW solar thermal facility Enough power to serve nearly 26,000 people Largest solar thermal plant outside of California The first hybrid solar facility in the world to connect to an existing combined-cycle power plant FPL’s 110 MW Solar

10. Number of Jobs for Solar

11. 11 Jobs for 4% Solar on Roof Tops Solar PV  Average 13 direct job-years/MW  (VS study of 5 models)  Industry estimates that:  Residential: 10 job-yrs/MW  Small Commercial: 9 job- yrs/MW  Large Commercial: 7 job- yrs/MW Benefit of 2% Goal:  31,600 job-years (low)  50,000 job-years (high) Solar Thermal  One job-year created for every 50 systems installed Benefit of 2% Goal:  32,800 job-years Orange County Convention Center 1 MW Solar PV

12. 12 California went Efficiency First Efficiency Savings then Paid for Solar $600 per capita at $0.12/kWh

13. Cost of Electricity

14. Public Benefits Funds for Renewables 16 states + DC have public benefits funds ($7.3 billion by 2017) ME has a voluntary public benefits fund taken from DSIRE: www.dsireusa.orgwww.dsireusa.org * Fund does not have a specified expiration date ** The Oregon Energy Trust is scheduled to expire in 2025 State PBF State PBF supported by voluntary contributions May 2009 CA: $363.7M in 2009 $4,566M from 1998-2016 OR: $13.8M in 2009 $191M from 2001-2017** MT: $750,000 in 2009 $14M from 1999-2017* RI: $2.2M in 2009 $38M from 1997-2017* MA: $25M in FY2009 $524M from 1998-2017* NJ: $78.3M in FY2009 $647M from 2001-2012 DE: $3.4M in 2009 $48M from 1999-2017* CT: $28M in FY2009 $444M from 2000-2017* PA: $950,000 in 2009 $63M from 1999-2010 NY: $15.7M in FY2009 $114M from 1999-2011 VT: $5.2M in FY2009 $33M from 2004-2011 ME: 2009 funding TBD $580,300 from 2002-2009 MI: $6.7M in FY2009 $27M from 2001-2017* OH: $3.2M in 2009 $63M from 2001-2010 DC: $2M in FY2009 $8.8M from 2004-2012 MN: $19.5M in 2009 $327M from 1999-2017* WI: $7.9M in 2009 $90M from 2001-2017* IL: $3.3M in FY2009 $97M from 1998-2015

15. 15 In 2006, residential PV at $7.97/W, an LCOE of ~30¢/kWh over 30-year life. FL Residential Electricity: 2005 10¢/kWh; 2007 12 ¢/kWh; 2009 12.3 ¢/kWh; 2015 more than PV?? PV Electricity on Your Roof Cheaper than the wall in 2011?

16. 16 Florida’s Current Solar Water Heater Production  Domestic Solar Water Heater >20 years life  >139,000 Solar Water Heaters from 1978 - today each producing >2000 watts  =152 MW of Solar Energy  If 40% (instead of 2.2%) of Florida Homes by 2020  = 2,700 MW  = 5 TWh (2%) of Florida’s Electricity  = 32,800 job-years

17. 17 A $2,300 Investment Provides 20% Return www.myfloridagreenbuilding.info Initial cost $2,300 ($4,000) Cost of Energy 5.6 (10.2) ¢kWh Return on Invest. 19.8 (12.8) % Payback 7 (12) years Even without credits and rebates cheaper than electricity out of the wall at 12.5 ¢kWh

18. Solar For Schools & Emergency Shelters

19. SunSmart Schools (2003-2009) Vision Produce energy literate citizens who make wise energy choices leading to an improved quality of life for all. Objectives: Enhance education though hands-on use of PV (> 1 kW) Integrate energy efficiency and renewable energy into the curriculum. Expand STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) opportunities Public Outreach

20. SunSmart Schools (2003-2009)  State provides ~ 50% funds to install:  Utilities traditionally provide other ~50% (FPL, GRU, Gulf Power, JEA, Lakeland Electric, New Smyrna Beach, OUC, Progress, Tallahassee Elec., Talquin Electric Coop, TECO, Winter Park, Johnson Controls)  55+ 1 – 6-kilowatt (kW) demonstration system.  4 10-kW emergency shelter PV demonstration system.

21. $10M & $1M UCF Match for Program (Dec. 2009 – 2012)

22. 22 >10kW PV Grid/Battery Backup At least 90; >1 per 67 counties Teach students EnergyWhiz Utility Report Card Smart Meters Real-time School Electric Consumption Data Efficiency Savings (real money) SunSmart Plus (2010-2013) Middleton High

23. 23 Smart Meters Real-time School Electric Consumption Data  The 90 Solar High Schools  Will consume 90 x $492K = $44M per year for electricity  Opportunity for real energy savings  Document energy savings in real time  Modify behavior through incentives  Return substantial percentage of savings to school  Prizes for the best energy efficiency improvements

24. Do the Bright Thing! Conserve Energy & Use Solar

25. EXTRA SLIDES

26.  Efficiency First, then Renewable Energy Made in Florida  If you have any money the best ROI is in retrofitting your house  JOBS! Retrofitting homes, manufacturing and installing solar  Solar works in Florida, but we must have “free real estate.” Distributed Generation not Baseload  What do you plant to get the most Energy from an Acre of Dirt?  Establish the Market  10% Ethanol in Gasoline established ethanol market  An RPS does that for renewebles Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy and Green Jobs

31. Figure 2. Gross Increase in Renewable Electricity Supported Jobs: Cumulative 2009-2025 RES Alliance for Jobs, Job Impacts of a 25% by 2025 RES, Conducted by Navigant Consulting Figure 3. Change in Renewable Electricity Supported Jobs without a National RES: 2009-2025

32. Figure 4. Distribution of Direct Jobs in the Renewable Electricity Industry with a 25% by 2025 RES: 2009- 2025. www.res-alliance.org