1. A Century of Reform Bell work #2 Evelyn a brilliant student will probably get a higher score then I will betty remarked

2. A Century of Reform 1800s, Parliament gradually passed a series of social and economic reforms. Many laws helped women, men, and children whose labor supported the new industrial society. 1800s, Parliament gradually passed a series of social and economic reforms. Many laws helped women, men, and children whose labor supported the new industrial society. Free trade- Britain, taxed foreign imports in order to protect local economies. 1800s controversy erupted over the Corn Laws, which imposed high tariffs on imported grain. Farmers and wealthy land owners supported the laws because they dept the price of British grain high. Middle class did not support it. They argued that it would make bread cheaper for city workers and would also open up trade in general. Parliament finally repealed the Corn Laws in 1846. A victory for free trade and Laissez faire capitalism. Free trade- Britain, taxed foreign imports in order to protect local economies. 1800s controversy erupted over the Corn Laws, which imposed high tariffs on imported grain. Farmers and wealthy land owners supported the laws because they dept the price of British grain high. Middle class did not support it. They argued that it would make bread cheaper for city workers and would also open up trade in general. Parliament finally repealed the Corn Laws in 1846. A victory for free trade and Laissez faire capitalism.

3. Abolition of Slavery In 1833, Parliament passed a law banning slavery in all British colonies. Still, British textile manufactures continued to import cheap cotton produced by enslaved African Americans in the U.S. In 1833, Parliament passed a law banning slavery in all British colonies. Still, British textile manufactures continued to import cheap cotton produced by enslaved African Americans in the U.S. Crime and Punishment- Other reforms were aimed at the criminal justice system. More than 200 crimes were punishable by death. Such capital offenses included, not only murder, but also shoplifting, sheep stealing, or impersonating and army veteran. 1850 Victorian reformers began to reduce the number of capital offenses. Prison became a better place and people were not sentenced to death for small infractions. Crime and Punishment- Other reforms were aimed at the criminal justice system. More than 200 crimes were punishable by death. Such capital offenses included, not only murder, but also shoplifting, sheep stealing, or impersonating and army veteran. 1850 Victorian reformers began to reduce the number of capital offenses. Prison became a better place and people were not sentenced to death for small infractions.

4. Victories for Workers Despite restrictions, unions spread, and gradually they won additional rights. Between 1890 and 1914, union membership soared. They won Higher wages and shorter hours. They also, pressed for other laws to improve the lives of the working class. Despite restrictions, unions spread, and gradually they won additional rights. Between 1890 and 1914, union membership soared. They won Higher wages and shorter hours. They also, pressed for other laws to improve the lives of the working class. Other Reforms- 1800s both political parties enacted reforms. Disraeli sponsored laws to improve public health and housing for workers in cities. Under Gladstone an Education Act called for free elementary education for all children. He also pushed to open up government jobs based on merit rather than birth or wealth. Other Reforms- 1800s both political parties enacted reforms. Disraeli sponsored laws to improve public health and housing for workers in cities. Under Gladstone an Education Act called for free elementary education for all children. He also pushed to open up government jobs based on merit rather than birth or wealth.

5. Votes for Women 1900s, Emmeline Pankhurst, a leading suffragist, had become convinced that only aggressive tactics would bring victory. 1900s, Emmeline Pankhurst, a leading suffragist, had become convinced that only aggressive tactics would bring victory. Radical suffragists interrupted speakers in Parliament, Shouting, “Votes for women!” They organized huge public demonstrations. When peaceful efforts brought no results, some women turned to violent protest. They smashed windows or burned buildings. Pankhurst and her daughters were arrested and jailed. Some women went on hunger strikes and had to be force feed through tubes. Pankhurst declared “There is something that governments care far more for than human life, and that is the security of property, so it is through property that we shall strike the enemy.” Radical suffragists interrupted speakers in Parliament, Shouting, “Votes for women!” They organized huge public demonstrations. When peaceful efforts brought no results, some women turned to violent protest. They smashed windows or burned buildings. Pankhurst and her daughters were arrested and jailed. Some women went on hunger strikes and had to be force feed through tubes. Pankhurst declared “There is something that governments care far more for than human life, and that is the security of property, so it is through property that we shall strike the enemy.”

6. A Belated Victory 1918, Parliament finally granted suffrage to women over the age of 30. Younger women did not win the right to vote for another decade. 1918, Parliament finally granted suffrage to women over the age of 30. Younger women did not win the right to vote for another decade. Ireland For the Irish- The Irish never accepted rule by the English. The Irish bitterly resented settlers, especially landlords who held large tracts of land. Many Irish peasants lived in desperate poverty, while paying high rents to English landlords. Irish who were mostly catholic had to pay tithes to support the Anglican church. Under these conditions resistance and rebellion were common. Ireland For the Irish- The Irish never accepted rule by the English. The Irish bitterly resented settlers, especially landlords who held large tracts of land. Many Irish peasants lived in desperate poverty, while paying high rents to English landlords. Irish who were mostly catholic had to pay tithes to support the Anglican church. Under these conditions resistance and rebellion were common.

7. Irish Nationalism Irish nationalism campaigned vigorously for freedom in the 1800s “My first object,” said Nationalist leader Daniel O’Connell, “is to get Ireland for the Irish.” Irish nationalism campaigned vigorously for freedom in the 1800s “My first object,” said Nationalist leader Daniel O’Connell, “is to get Ireland for the Irish.” Under Connell Britain slowly moved to improve conditions in Ireland. 1829, Parliament passed the Catholic Emancipation Act, which allowed Irish Catholics to vote and hold political office. Yet many injustices remained. Absentee landlords could evict tenants almost at will. Britain also, forbid the teaching and speaking of the Irish language. Under Connell Britain slowly moved to improve conditions in Ireland. 1829, Parliament passed the Catholic Emancipation Act, which allowed Irish Catholics to vote and hold political office. Yet many injustices remained. Absentee landlords could evict tenants almost at will. Britain also, forbid the teaching and speaking of the Irish language.

8. The Great Hunger Under British rule, three quarters of Irish farmland was used to grow crops that were imported to England. The potato, introduced from the Americas, became the main source of food for most of the Irish people themselves. Then in 1845, disaster struck. A disease, destroyed the potato crop. Other crops such as wheat and oats, were not affected. Yet British landowners continued to ship these crops outside Ireland, leaving little for the Irish except the blighted potatoes. The result was a terrible famine that the Irish called the “Great Hunger.” Under British rule, three quarters of Irish farmland was used to grow crops that were imported to England. The potato, introduced from the Americas, became the main source of food for most of the Irish people themselves. Then in 1845, disaster struck. A disease, destroyed the potato crop. Other crops such as wheat and oats, were not affected. Yet British landowners continued to ship these crops outside Ireland, leaving little for the Irish except the blighted potatoes. The result was a terrible famine that the Irish called the “Great Hunger.” In four years, at least one million Irish died of starvation or disease. The Great Hunger left a legacy of Irish bitterness toward the English tat still exist today. In four years, at least one million Irish died of starvation or disease. The Great Hunger left a legacy of Irish bitterness toward the English tat still exist today.