1. by: Clarissa Gomez, Cynthia Rodriguez, Kimberly Tice, Patricia Cobos

2. His Times Thomas Robert Malthus Thomas Robert Malthus Handsome, high forehead, short hair, sharp eyes Handsome, high forehead, short hair, sharp eyes Born Feb. 13, 1766 in Dorking, Surrey (England) Born Feb. 13, 1766 in Dorking, Surrey (England) Second son of eight children Second son of eight children Father-Daniel Malthus Father-Daniel Malthus

3. As A Young Man Enjoyed chess Enjoyed chess Attended Warrington Academy and in 1784 entered Jesus College Attended Warrington Academy and in 1784 entered Jesus College Tutored by Richard Graves, Gilbert Wakefield, & William Frend Tutored by Richard Graves, Gilbert Wakefield, & William Frend Graduated with honors in mathematics Graduated with honors in mathematics

4. As Grown Man 1803 married his cousin, Harriet Eckersall & had three children 1803 married his cousin, Harriet Eckersall & had three children 1805 was appointed professor of history & political economy in East India College 1805 was appointed professor of history & political economy in East India College Represented the first professorship in political economy established in Britain Represented the first professorship in political economy established in Britain

5. Participation in Organizations 1821 became a member of the Political Economy Club 1821 became a member of the Political Economy Club 1824 was elected one of ten royal associates of the Royal Academy of Literature 1824 was elected one of ten royal associates of the Royal Academy of Literature 1834 was the first member in the Statistical Society 1834 was the first member in the Statistical Society Member of the French Institute & Royal Academy in Berlin Member of the French Institute & Royal Academy in Berlin

6. His Major Works The Crisis The Crisis Essay on the Principle of Population Essay on the Principle of Population Investigation of the Cause of the Present High Price of Provisions Investigation of the Cause of the Present High Price of Provisions Second Essay on the Principle of Population Second Essay on the Principle of Population

7. Major Works (cont ) Observations on the Effects of the Corn Laws and of a rise or fall in the price of corn on the agriculture and general wealth of the country Observations on the Effects of the Corn Laws and of a rise or fall in the price of corn on the agriculture and general wealth of the country An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent, and the principles by which it is regulated An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent, and the principles by which it is regulated The Grounds of an Opinion on the Policy of Restricting the Importation of Foreign Corn The Grounds of an Opinion on the Policy of Restricting the Importation of Foreign Corn

8. Essay on Population An analysis of the nature and causes of poverty An analysis of the nature and causes of poverty A response to the writers who were expressing optimism and faith in the nature of man A response to the writers who were expressing optimism and faith in the nature of man Controvert the notions of human perfectibility Controvert the notions of human perfectibility Purpose to explode such notions based on the inevitable scarcity resulting of human population Purpose to explode such notions based on the inevitable scarcity resulting of human population

9. Hypothesis and Predications Population growth always exceeds the growth of means of subsistence Population growth always exceeds the growth of means of subsistence Actual population always has a tendency to push above the food supply Actual population always has a tendency to push above the food supply Population growth would come to a standstill Population growth would come to a standstill Postulated war, pestilence, famine, & plague would operate as checks of a swelling population Postulated war, pestilence, famine, & plague would operate as checks of a swelling population

10. Description of the Essay Deals with emotional topics such as welfare, infanticide, and faith Deals with emotional topics such as welfare, infanticide, and faith Society’s ability to produce children outstrip our ability to provide energy for their survival Society’s ability to produce children outstrip our ability to provide energy for their survival Regards to the future of human societies Regards to the future of human societies Argued that once the poor had a taste of luxury, they would demand a higher standard of living before starting a family Argued that once the poor had a taste of luxury, they would demand a higher standard of living before starting a family

11. Description (cont.) Argued “perfectibility” of society will always be out of reach Argued “perfectibility” of society will always be out of reach States he doesn’t hate the poor, but considers them mentally unfit States he doesn’t hate the poor, but considers them mentally unfit Doesn’t advocate sexual abstinence as a solution to the population crisis Doesn’t advocate sexual abstinence as a solution to the population crisis Criticized use of birth control Criticized use of birth control Believed sexuality outside of marriage was evil Believed sexuality outside of marriage was evil

12. The Core Principles of Malthus 1. Food is necessary for human existence 1. Food is necessary for human existence 2. Human population tends to grow faster than the power in the earth to produce subsistence 2. Human population tends to grow faster than the power in the earth to produce subsistence 3.Effects of these two unequal powers must be kept equal 3.Effects of these two unequal powers must be kept equal 4.Population reduction tends to be accomplished through the “positive” checks of famine, disease, poverty, and war 4.Population reduction tends to be accomplished through the “positive” checks of famine, disease, poverty, and war

13. Controversial Sides of Malthus Attacks the Poor Laws in Ch. V of the Essay, a decentralized system of poor relief in England Attacks the Poor Laws in Ch. V of the Essay, a decentralized system of poor relief in England Attacked the Poor Laws by saying they may alleviate short term suffering, but cause greater suffering in the end Attacked the Poor Laws by saying they may alleviate short term suffering, but cause greater suffering in the end Declares the abolition of Poor Laws & for the abolition of the National Health Service in Britain or the Social Security System in the United States Declares the abolition of Poor Laws & for the abolition of the National Health Service in Britain or the Social Security System in the United States

14. Work Cited Donald Winch. Malthus. Oxford University Press, New York 1987, pp. 16-38 Donald Winch. Malthus. Oxford University Press, New York 1987, pp. 16-38 J.Dupaquier. Malthus Past and Present. Academic Press, London 1983, pp. 85-97 J.Dupaquier. Malthus Past and Present. Academic Press, London 1983, pp. 85-97 Thomas Robert Malthus. 1995. Victorian Web. 16 Apr. 2002 <http://65.107.211.206/victorian/economics/malthus. html Thomas Robert Malthus. 1995. Victorian Web. 16 Apr. 2002 <http://65.107.211.206/victorian/economics/malthus. html Peter Landry. Thomas Robert Malthus. April 2001. 17. Apr. 2002 <http://cepa.newschool.edu/net/profiles/malthus.htm Peter Landry. Thomas Robert Malthus. April 2001. 17. Apr. 2002 <http://cepa.newschool.edu/net/profiles/malthus.htm Ronald Bleier. The International Society of Malthus. 17 Apr. 2002 Ronald Bleier. The International Society of Malthus. 17 Apr. 2002 http://www.igc.apc.org/desip/malthus/background.ht ml http://www.igc.apc.org/desip/malthus/background.ht ml