1. Where We are in Place and Time
“Changes on the Plains”

2. Group Discussion: Each group will have a different question to ponder and discuss (You have TWO MINUTES):
Group 1: How did our country begin? (Who was here first? How did we get from the East to the West?)
Group 2:What would make you move far, far away from home to an unexplored land?
Group 3: What kinds of hardships would you expect to encounter if you were moving long ago? (What would you need to pack?)
Group 4: What kinds of hardships would a native population experience?
Group 5:Would the hardships of a native population have a different experience from that of a new settler?
Group 6: How would it feel if a group of people invaded/took over your home and you had to move? (Would you go willingly? How would you react? How would you solve that conflict? Can you make a connection to what we have previously learned about conflict in history?)
Share responses.

3. 5th Grade Social Studies Standards
SS5H3 The student will describe how life changed in America at the turn of the century.
Describe the role of the cattle trails in the late 19th century; include the Black Cowboys of Texas, the Great Western Cattle Trail, and the Chisholm Trail.
d. Describe the reasons people emigrated to the United States, from where they emigrated, and where they settled.
e. Describe the impact of westward expansion on Native Americans; include the Battle of the Little Bighorn and the relocation of Native Americans to reservations.
SS5E1 The student will use the basic economic concepts of trade, opportunity cost, specialization, voluntary exchange, productivity, and price incentives to illustrate historical events.
b. Explain how price incentives affect people’s behavior and choices (such as decisions to participate in cattle trails because of increased beef prices).

4. 5th Grade Social Studies Standards
SS5G2 The student will explain the reasons for the spatial patterns of economic activities.
a. Explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources influenced industrial location in the United States between the end of the Civil War and 1900.
b. Locate primary agricultural and industrial locations since the turn of the 20thcentury and explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources have influenced these areas.

5. Lesson 1: Linking the East and West
Vocabulary
transcontinental
prejudice
Unit Essential Question #1: How did life change in America at the turn of the century?
EQ: What were the advantages of the Transcontinental Railroad?

7. Transcontinental Railroad

17. Watch this video clip on the Transcontinental Railroad
Watch this video clip on the Transcontinental Railroad. (Double click- NOT in slide show view)

18. Let’s think about … ECONOMICS
In what ways did the Transcontinental Railroad make it easier for settlers in the West to earn money?

19. A Big Idea… The telegraph!
So, can you answer the essential question??? Discuss.
A Big Idea…
Improvements in transportation helped unite the country and made the economy of the West grow.
What helped improve communication?
The telegraph!

20. Can you be a critical THINKER?
Let’s Summarize!
What were some short-term effects from the decision to build the Transcontinental Railroad? What were some long-term effects? Discuss this with a partner.

21. Life on the Great Plains- Lesson 2
Key Vocabulary
homestead
exodusters
drought
sodbuster
Essential Question: What hardships did settlers face on the Great Plains?
Think about…

29. Homesteaders

34. What do you think?
Settlers had to adapt to the harsh climate of the Great Plains. Why is learning to adapt to new and difficult situations important? How does this relate to our economy right now?
How does this relate to our central idea: The movement of ideas and people can create momentum for change.

36. Lesson 3: Cattle Ranchers
Vocabulary
demand
supply
Railhead
Black cowboys
Great Western Cattle Trail
Chisholm Trail
barbed wire
EQ: What were the roles of cattle trails in the late 19th century?

37. Mexican vaqueros

38. Brain POP!
Supply and Demand

39. Can you make a connection to your life?

41. Connection:
Why do you think many of them were African American or Mexican?

42. By the late 1800s, many of the cowboys ranching in west Texas were African Americans.
Peachstar: The Real American Cowboy (24 minutes)

43. Memorize this map and the trails!

48. Lesson 4: Conflicts on the Plains
Vocabulary
Reservation
Battle of Little Big Horn
habitat
extinct
assimilate
Essential Question: What was the impact of westward expansion on Native Americans?
e. Describe the impact of westward expansion on Native Americans; include the Battle of the Little Bighorn and the relocation of Native Americans to reservations.

52. Sitting Bull
Chief Joseph
Crazy Horse
George Custer

53. Battle of the Little Bighorn
1876

58. Education
Before
After
Check This Out! Dawes Act

61. Images of Custer's Last Stand

62. pbs.org The West
pbs.org The West 2
Authentic Images
of the Time