1. Persuasive Speeches Learning Objectives: Learning the effect of different persuasive techniques.

2. Remember… AFOREST A lliteration, antithesis and appeal to reader directly F acts, first person O pinions, opposition needs to be criticised R hetorical question, repetition, reasons, reader’s guilt/sympathy E motive language S tatistics, strong voice, shock, sarcasm, short sentences T hree, threaten action

3. Alliteration… …will defend to the death their native soil Effect: the hard ‘d’ sound both focuses the listener on these important words, but also sounds strong and confident. Other examples: Bold, brave sounds. Faint, falling sounds. Cacophanous, chaotic sounds

4. Antithesis This campaign may not be finished on our watch -- yet it must be and it will be waged on our watch. Antithesis joins two ideas together in comparison or contrast e.g. to err is human, to forgive divine. I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a king

5. Appeal to the reader directly… … it is both our responsibility and our privilege to fight freedom's fight. you have deserved rewards and crowns; and we do assure you, in the word of a prince, they shall be duly paid you. Using the second person involves the listener in the speech.

6. Facts Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen People need to know that they can trust the speaker – that they are reacting to a real situation.

7. First Person The first person makes the speech personal – you are making an appeal to the reader. which I do not for a moment believe therefore I am come amongst you… to live or die amongst you all

8. Opinions I will not stand by, as peril draws closer and closer Using opinion gives your point of view. which I do not for a moment believe

9. Repetition … we shall fight People remember things that are repeated. Remember Dr. Martin Luther King’s “I have a dream” speech?

10. Reasons By seeking weapons of mass destruction, these regimes pose a grave and growing danger. They could provide these arms to terrorists, giving them the means to match their hatred. It is important to justify your actions.

11. reader’s guilt/sympathy being resolved, in the midst and heat of the battle, to live or die amongst you all, to lay down my life for my God and for my kingdom and for my people, my honour, and my blood, even in the dust. Appeals to the listeners’ emotions. You want your audience to react with feeling.

12. Emotive language odious apparatus of Nazi rule and it is both our responsibility and our privilege to fight freedom's fight Appeals to the listeners’ emotions. You want them to react with feeling to what you are saying.

13. strong voice and think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe should dare to invade the borders of my realm A speech is persuasive – you must show that you are strong and know what you are doing!

14. short sentences We can't stop short. Short sentences are blunt. They make the speaker seem strong. That is the will of Parliament and the nation.

15. Three [1] your obedience to my general, [2] by your concord in the camp, and [3] your valour in the field We will work closely with our coalition to deny terrorists and their state sponsors the [1] materials, [2] technology, and [3] expertise to make and deliver weapons of mass destruction. There is something memorable about people saying things three times.

16. threaten action I myself will take up arms America will do what is necessary to ensure our nation's security. we shall never surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, Stirs the audience to action – makes the speaker seem strong.