1. Goods Versus Services Planning Evans & Berman Chapter 12

2. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Chapter Objectives To examine the scope of goods and services, and explain how goods and services may be categorized To discuss the special considerations in the marketing of services To look at the use of marketing by goods versus services firms and provide illustrations of service marketing To distinguish between nonprofit and profit-oriented marketing To describe a classification system for nonprofit marketing, the role of nonprofit marketing in the economy, and applications of nonprofit marketing

3. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Goods and Services (1) Goods Marketing relates to selling physical products. Durable goods are physical goods used over an extended time. Nondurable goods are consumable products made from materials other than metal, wood, and hard plastics.

4. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Services Marketing includes rented-goods services, owned-goods services, and nongoods services. Rented-Goods Services: leasing auto, hotel room, office space, wedding items Owned Goods Services: auto or computer repairs, lawn care & home care Nongoods Services: personal advice, tutor, legal, and accounting Goods and Services (2)

5. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Hidden Service Sector Includes such areas as: delivery installation training maintenance repair Provided by firms emphasizing goods Infrastructure

6. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Goods/Services Continuum Pure Goods Pure Services Computer Computer Computer Computer Systems Design diskette software programming Exercise In-home rental Use of exercise Health Club Personal Trainer equipment of equipment of Hotel equip. Off-the-rack Custom-made Reupholstered Cleaning Interior office furniture office furniture office furniture office furniture decorator Self-service Full-service Transmission Driver education Driver education gasoline gasoline overhaul firm provides auto (consumer vehicle)

7. Attributes of Service Intangibility of services Perishability of services Inseparability of services Variability of services

8. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 A Classification System for Goods 1.By Market Segment 2. By Degree of Durability 3. By Amount of Value Added 4. By Goal of Organization 5. By Degree of Regulation 6. By Length of Distribution Channel 7. By Degree of Customer Contact

9. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 A Classification System for Services 1.By Market Segment 2. By Degree of Tangibility 3. By Skill of Service Provider 4. By Goal of Service Provider 5. By Degree of Regulation 6. By Degree of Labor Intensiveness 7. By Degree of Customer Contact

10. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Intangibility of Services Services often cannot be displayed, transported, stored, packaged, or inspected before buying. Repair services Personal services Advice services ONLY the benefits derived can be described.

11. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Perishability of Services Many services cannot be stored for future sale. Idle time is lost Movies playing to an empty house, or landscape workers lose time due to bad weather, idle time cannot be recaptured. Service suppliers must try to manage service to consumer usage, and regulate to demand

12. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Inseparability of Service A service provider and his or her services may be inseparable. This is most likely when: Service is vital Customer contact is an integral part The quality of a repair depends on skill Information Age Knowledge Worker

13. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Variability in Service There may be differing service performance from one time to another. Problem diagnosis such as repairs may be hard. There may be a lack of standardization of services

14. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Clients Versus Donors Convenience services Accountability on the part of the organization Inexpensive services Recognition of their contribution Access to services Efficient operations Tangible benefits High success rates Donors desires Clients desire

15. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Industrialization of Services Hard Technologies Hard Technologies—substitute machinery for people, such as utilizing electronic financial transactions instead of human bank tellers. Soft Technologies Soft Technologies—substitute pre-planned systems for individual services. Hybrid Technologies Hybrid Technologies—combine both hard and soft technologies.

16. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Nonprofit Marketing This form of marketing is conducted by organizations and individuals that operate in the public interest or that foster a cause and do not seek financial profits. Help us now

17. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 The Extent of Nonprofit Marketing It may involve: Organizations Organizations (unions, charities, trade associations) People People (political candidates) Places Places (resorts, convention centers, industrial sites) Ideas Ideas (“stop smoking”) Goods and Services Goods and Services (produced or sold)

18. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 A Classification System for Nonprofit Marketing 1. By Degree of Tangibility 2. By Organization Structure 3. By Overall Objective 4. By Constituency

19. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Clients Versus Donors Convenient services Accountability on the part of the organization Inexpensive services Recognition of their contribution Access to services Efficient operations Tangible benefits High success rates Donors desire Clients desire

20. Copyright Atomic Dog Publishing, 2002 Chapter Summary This chapter reviews the scope of goods and services, and explains how goods and services may be categorized. It discusses the special considerations in the marketing of services. It looks at the use of marketing by goods versus services firms and provides illustrations of service marketing. It distinguishes between nonprofit and profit-oriented marketing. It describes a classification system for nonprofit marketing, the role of nonprofit marketing in the economy, and applications of nonprofit marketing.