1. Descriptive Statistics

2. Pie Chart Pareto Scattered Plot Stem and Leaf Time Series graph Dot Plot

3. A Stem and Leaf plot is a way to display quantitative data. This is a relatively new method way of displaying data. In a stem and leaf and leaf plot, each number is separated into a stem (the leftmost digit or digits) and leaf (the rightmost digits) Leaf values Stem values 19 22 25 26 27 28 29 30 34 36 37 42 43 44 46 48 49 52 53 55 57 58 62 Benefit: A stem and leaf plot is similar to a histogram except all of the original data is still there (not embedded in classes or buckets)

4. Example Stem and Leaf plot In 2013 Major league first basemen hit the following number of homeruns: 25, 30, 22, 14, 15, 17, 17, 53, 36, 20, 20, 20, 44, 17, 15, 21, 36, 22, 23, 24, 23 Since the data includes 10s, 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s your stems will be 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 Step 1 : decide on the stems 1 2 3 4 5 5 0 2 Data can be ordered or unordered

5. A dot plot is another way to display quantitative data. Data is displayed above a horizontal axis. Each dot is a single instance of the corresponding number on the x axis Horizontal axis should extend to cover all data, even outliers Outliers are unusual data. They don’t seem to fit in the data set Four instances of 25 An example of an outlier in the data set above would have been a number > 40

6. Example Dot Plot In 2013 Major league first basemen hit the following number of homeruns: 25, 30, 22, 22, 15, 17, 17, 53, 36, 20, 20, 20, 44, 17, 15, 21, 36, 14, 23, 24, 23 Since the minimum number of homeruns was 14 and the max was 53 it has to be at least that long Step 1 : decide on length of horizontal line 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53....

7. Pie charts provide a convenient way of looking at qualitative data. A Pie Chart divided into sectors that represent the categories. The area of each sector is proportional to the frequency of each category. Benefit: At a quick glance you can see that most fatalities were from cars f Relative FrequencyAngle Cars20,2600.56202 o Trucks12,2600.34122 o Motorcycles3,0670.0829 o Other6100.0272 o

8. Example Pie Chart In 2008 Crisco conducted a national survey as the pie preference of Americans The study revealed that 9% preferred Cherry, 19% Apple, 12% Pecan, 8% Lemon meringue, 13% Pumpkin, 10% Banana cream and 29% preferred some other pie. The first step is to prepare a frequency distribution chart with relative frequencies. Relative frequency Apple0.19 Pumpkin0.13 Pecan0.12 Banana cream0.1 Cherry0.09 Lemon meringue0.08 Other0.29 The next step is to, starting at 12:00 (straight up), insert appropriately sized sectors.

9. Another way to graph qualitative data is to use a Pareto chart A Pareto chart is a vertical bar in which the height of each bar represents the frequency or relative frequency. To construct you will need to construct a frequency table Pareto graphs are the most frequently used in the business world Domestic car sales for June 2014 VehicleSales in thousands Ford F series60 Chevrolet Silverado43 Toyota Camry40 Ram Pickup33 Honda Accord32 Honda Civic32 Toyota Corolla31 Ford Fusion27 Ford Focus26 Honda CRV26 Good form is to have data in descending order

10. Example Pareto Chart/Graph According to Business Life the 10 richest Hollywood male actor/celebrities are: Arnold Swarzenegger($300M), Tom Hanks($350M), Jack Nicholson($385M), Merv Griffin($1000M), Shakruch Khan($600M), Michael Douglass($290M), Johnnie Depp($360M), Sylvester Stallone($430M), Tom Cruise ($400M) and Mel Gibson($640M). To make a Pareto you will need to put them and their respective earnings in a table…in descending order ActorDollars ($$$) in Millions Merv Griffin1000 Mel Gibson640 Shakruk Khan600 Sylvestor Stallone430 Tom Cruise400 Jack Nicholson385 Johnnie Depp360 Tom Hanks350 Arnold S300 Michael Douglas290

11. When one entry in one data set corresponds to one entry in a second data set, the sets are called Paired sets. One way to graph paired data is to use a scattered plot. A scattered plot shows the relationship between two quantitative variables. The example below is a restaurant owner who recorded the temperature and his ice cream sales for 10 days. Temp F o Ice Cream Sales in $$$s 58215 61325 53185 59332 65406 72522 67412 77614 74544 69421 73445 63408 Paired sets

12. Example Scatter Plot and Paired Data set A teacher asked her students to write the number of hours they had studied at the bottom of a test. After grading she put the scores and hours studied in a paired data matrix She then graphed the points to look for trends She decided that the hours studied would be the y axis, and the score would be the x axis………but this was just a preference. Score Study Hours 501 401 752 652 803 905 806 907 857 1007

13. A data set that is composed of quantitative entries taken at regular intervals is Time Series. You can use a time series chart to graph a time series. The chart below breaks time down in year and season (x axis) and production in thousands of tons (y axis).

14. Example Time Series A teacher teacher assigned her students to do a time series graph for the 21 st century Dow Jones highs. The first thing the student does is make a table full of ordered pairs (years and highs) of data from the Dow Jones Industrial site. Year Dow Jones Yearly high 200011000 200111300 200210600 200310000 200410600 200510700 200610900 200714100 200813000 200910500 201011200 201112800 201213500 201316200 201417000 Next, plot each ordered pair on a line graph

15. Graph the following Data. Use the appropriate graphs. Year Voters in million voters 2008131 2004122 2012121 1992106 2000105 199696 198493 198892 198086 197681 New Mexico 121,589 sq mi Nevada 110,560 sq mi Texas 268,580 sq mi Oregon 98,380 sq mi Wyoming 97,813 sq mi Alaska 663,267 sq mi Colorado 104,093 sq mi Arizona 113,998 sq mi Montana 147,042 sq mi California 163,695 sq mi