1. Warm ups: 1.What do I mean if I say I “INHERITED” my green eyes from my mother? 2.Give examples of some “TRAITS” that you inherited from your parents….

2. Word DefinitionPicture 1. Alleles Two forms of a gene (one from mother, one from father) Examples: Height – short and tall Hair – straight or curly Tail – long or short

3. Word DefinitionPicture 2. Dominant Gene The strong form of the gene (you ALWAYS see it) Written as: Capital Letter

4. Word DefinitionPicture 3. Recessive Gene The weak form of the gene (NOT always seen) Written as a lowercase

5. DOMINANT AND RECESSIVE TRAITS Traits in the left-hand column dominate over those listed in the right-hand column. Dominant Traits Recessive Traits Eye coloring Brown eyes Gray, green, hazel Blue Grey, green, hazel,blue eyes Blue Albino (pink) VisionFarsightedne ss Normal vision Normal sight Normal color vision Normal vision Nearsightedness Night vision Color blindness HairDark hair Non-red hair (blonde, brunette) Curly hair Full head of hair Widow's peak hairline Blonde hair, light hair Red hair Straight hair Baldness Normal hairline

6. Practice B = brown eyesb = blue eyes C = curly hairc = straight hair 1.What is the symbol (letter) for someone who has brown eyes? 2.What is the symbol for someone who has straight hair? 3.What is the symbol for someone who has blue eyes? 4.A capital letter represents ? B c b Dominant gene or trait

7. Practice G = green plantg = yellow plant T = tall plantt = short plant 1.What is the symbol a plant that is green? 2.What is the symbol for a plant that is short? 3.What is the symbol for a plant that is yellow? 4.A lowercase letter represents ? G t g Recessive gene or trait

8. Using symbols in genetics 1.Use letters to represent genes 2.Always have two letters – 2 genes for each trait

9. Word DefinitionPicture 4. Purebred or Homozygous Having the same two Always two Dominants or two recessives

10. Word Definition Picture 5. Hybrid – “mutt” or Heterozygous Having two different alleles Always a Dominant and a recessive

11. Purebreds vs. Hybrids Practice Examples: a.Two dominant tall genes --- b.Two recessive short genes --- c.One dominant and one recessive --- TT tt Tt Homozygous Heterozygous

12. Hybrid and Purebred Practice problems T = tallt = short G = greeng = yellow 1. A plant is purebred tall. What genes does it have? 2.A plant is hybrid green. What genes does it have? 3.A plant is purebred yellow. What genes does it have? gg Gg TT

13. Hybrid and Purebred Practice problems B = brownb = blue C = curlyc = straight 1. A dog is purebred with brown eyes. What genes does it have? 2.A person is hybrid with curly hair. What genes does he have? 3.A dog has blue eyes. What genes does it have? bb Cc BB

14. Word DefinitionPicture 6. Genotype Genes written in letter symbols that show possible traits. Physical vs. Actual

15. Word DefinitionPicture 7. Phenotype An organism’s inherited appearance. (What physically shows.)

16. Phenotype and Genotype Practice Problems T = tallt = short 1. What is the phenotype for a person who is tall? 2. What is the genotype for a person who is short? 3.What is the phenotype for a person who is short? 4.What is the genotype for a person who is tall?

17. The relationship between the genotype and phenotype is a simple one... The genotype codes for the phenotype!

18. Sum it all up! Traits from an organism pass from the parents to the offspring. Gene pairs determine traits. Organisms inherit genes in PAIRS. One from each parent. Genes are dominant and recessive. (When the two go a walking, the capital does the talking! Hybrid)

19. Exit slip: Five finger summary! Take out a piece of paper. Trace your hand on the paper and write genetics in your palm. List five things that you learned from today’s lesson and write them in each of your five digits.