1. MoreMilkiT Project Review and Planning & Joint Steering Committee Meeting 17-19 March 2014, Tanga, Tanzania Brigitte L. Maass

2. Outline  Introduction o India vs. Tanzania o Implementation  Progress along MilkIT project objectives o Institutional strengthening o Productivity enhancement o Knowledge sharing  Outlook

3. Introduction  Title: o Enhancing Dairy-based Livelihoods in India and the United Republic of Tanzania through Feed Innovation and Value Chain Development Approaches  Purpose: o To contribute to improved dairy-supported livelihoods in India and Tanzania via intensification of smallholder production focusing on feed enhancement using innovation and value chain approaches. o Links to IFAD grant policy: innovative technologies and approaches, capacity strengthening, knowledge sharing.

4. Introduction – Project countries: “IT” IndiaTanzania  Led by ILRI  State of Uttarakhand (non-CRP Livestock & Fish) – Bageshwar & Sult  Partners NGOs (INHERE, CHIRAG)  Will feed into new IFAD grant project (ILSP)  Led by CIAT  Closely linked to CRP Livestock & Fish  Two regions – Morogoro & Tanga  Partners: research/ academia (SUA, TALIRI)  No link to IFAD grant policy established as yet

5. Key differences in dairy Tanzania vs. India IndiaTanzania  Buffaloes, few dairy cows – almost treated as ‘family members’  Long tradition of self-help groups (SHGs); cooperatives common  Dairy animals zero-grazed  Hay commonly produced  Processing traditional: paneer, ghee, milk sweets, other  Milk consumption is high  Cattle as assets & for social prestige, few dairy cows  Little communal organization; cooperatives evoke (negative) memories  Dairy animals zero-grazed, but most feed comes from grazing or collection  No feed conservation tradition  Little milk processing practiced, sour milk, ghee  Milk consumption is low

6. MilkIT India

7. MilkIT implementation process  Aiming to link to IFAD grant policy o Work in Pemba or Manyara?  Joining the CRP Livestock & Fish process (2012) driven by MoreMilkiT, under the common goal ‘Maziwa Zaidi’ o Site selection o Dairy value chain (DVC) assessment o Baseline survey o Choosing partners  Working via innovation platforms (IP) towards improving feeds and feeding (2013) o Feed assessment with FEAST o Setting up village IPs o Participatory definition of interventions MilkIT Tanzania

8. Pemba Island and Manyara Region FEAST training and DVC Assessment in Pemba (July 2012) Focus group discussions at: Kisiwani Chake Chake and Mkoani Links to IFAD grant policy

9. Conclusions from DVC assessment in Pemba o Milk production increased over recent past But low local consumption of milk and milk products o Promotion of consumption of milk and milk products is needed to match increased production o Improved marketing required, including also more professional processing and packaging  Because of its focus on using feed interventions to increase milk production, the IFAD-funded MilkIT project should not regard Pemba as a priority intervention area under the current circumstances of dairy development on the island Links to IFAD grant policy

10. Tanga Region Morogoro Region MilkIT action sites

11. MilkIT Partners in Tanzania  CIAT (International Center for Tropical Agriculture) – Tropical Forages Program o Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Morogoro o Tanzania Livestock Research Institute (TALIRI) – Tanga Centre  NGOs and development partners coming in o SNV o Heifer Project International o HiMWA – working with pastoralists o TBD (Tanzania Dairy Board) o TAMPRODA (Tanzania Milk Producers Association)

12. The MilkIT team in Tanzania with MoreMilkiT representatives and attached students

13. Progress along MilkIT Project components 1. Institutional strengthening 2. Productivity enhancement 3. Knowledge sharing MilkIT Tanzania

14. Component 1. Institutional strengthening  Site selection criteria o High cattle density o Market channels: rural- rural & rural-urban o Farming systems o Milk production potential o Accessibility & distance o Potential partners/ stakeholders  Sites o In each region, 4 villages selected from 2 districts o Agreed village IP structure 30 participants Producers (60%) & Other VC stakeholders (40%) MilkIT Tanzania

15. DVC & FEAST conducted at village level FEAST & DVC feedback to villages IP sensitization meetings IP member election IPs agree on their functioning guidelines Implement action research Implement other interventions District CMT sensitization Regional Platform meetings to implement agreed actions Process used in establishing Innovation Platforms Morogoro Kilosa Mvomero 1 234 Tanga HandeniLushoto 5 6 7 8 MilkIT Tanzania

16. District meetings in Tanga: Issues and action points LushotoHandeni  Inadequate markets: o Milk pricing will be taken care of by the Tanga Dairy Platform o SNV conducts a survey to underscore the governance of primary cooperative societies and processors  Extension & veterinary services: o Plan to recruit and distribute extension staff in every village o Plan to encourage more service providers within the district up to village level  Land availability: o Land use plan is underway o Developed bylaws to prevent invading pastoralists  Insufficient pasture: o Continuous sensitization of pastoralists on options to enhance productivity  Inadequate access to inputs: o 5 AI centres planned to be established in various sites of district o Encourage more input agents to operate in each ward Handeni District Meeting

17. Model of interaction of different platform levels: Tanga District Village IP Regional Dairy Platform Village IP Action research Inter- vention Action research Inter- vention Tanzania DDF District Council Management Team MilkIT Tanzania

18. District meetings in Morogoro: Issues and action points MvomeroKilosa  Shortage of land: o Village land use plan in process o Provision of mini ranches  Inadequate markets: o Establishment of more collection centers o Establish more livestock markets for better coverage of district  Shortage of land: o Land use plan in process o Govt’ to recover undeveloped land (incl. from absentee investors)  Inadequate vet services: o Plan to establish ward veterinary centers o Build and rehabilitate dip tanks  Inadequate communication among stakeholders: o Engage Kilosa radio broad-casting to reach stakeholders Kilosa District Meeting

19. Model of interaction of different platform levels: Morogoro District Village IP Regional Dairy Platform Village IP Action research Inter- vention Action research Inter- vention Tanzania DDF District Council Management Team MilkIT Tanzania

20. Key results from research on village IP performance in Tanga  Performance indicator ‘Access to larger variety and better feeds’ o Significantly related to frequency and quality of communication and increased exposure to different information sources of interviewees, including training particularly Key informant interviews MilkIT Tanzania

21. Component 2. Productivity enhancement  Feed assessment o Training on FEAST tool in Morogoro & Tanga regions 26 participants were trained o FEAST surveys in all 8 villages 104 Farmers for individual interviews 306 Farmers in FGDs o FEAST reports compiled from 4 districts Challenges identified and solutions proposed are possible entry points and mark the pillars for IP functioning Individual interview Focus Group Discussion MilkIT Tanzania

22. Productivity enhancement FEAST key results  Seasonality of feed results in seasonal milk production  Grazing is main feed source in extensive system; higher diversity of feed stuffs in semi-intensive/ intensive system  FEAST participants did not perceive feeds or feeding as key constraints  Principle constraints identified were land, water and markets for livestock and milk; genetic potential of cattle and livestock diseases; lack of knowledge on animal husbandry Seasonal feed availability in Twatwatwa village, Kilosa District, and Manyinga village, Mvomero District, Morogoro Region MilkIT Tanzania

23. Identification of intervention strategies emerging from dairy value chain analysis  Constraints from past feed interventions o Limited number of adopted feed technologies o High resource costs of technologies in terms of labour and accessibility o Proper packaging and dissemination of technologies is needed o Mostly limited to intensive smallholder dairy production  Identified technical interventions at MilkIT sites o Pasture establishment & management o Demonstration plots o Pasture seed supply o Forage conservation o Training on feeds and feeding o Feeding routine o General cattle husbandry MilkIT Tanzania

24. Planting forages in MorogoroPlanting forages in Tanga

25. Other interventions  Training will take place on o Forage husbandry and utilization o Forage conservation o Animal feeding and nutrition  Organizational interventions initiated o Rehabilitation of water source in Kibaya village o Decision for milk bulking in Kibaya village o Others may follow … MilkIT Tanzania

26. Component 3. Knowledge sharing  MilkIT integration with other actors under Maziwa Zaidi  Tanga dairy platform o Participating in the regular meetings every 3 months  DDF – Tanzania Dairy Development Forum  Tanzanian fairs & exhibitions o Maziwa week exhibition o Nanenane agricultural exhibition  Joint steering committee with MoreMilkiT Tanga Platform Maziwa week MilkIT Tanzania

27. Knowledge sharing – contd.  Sharing of common tools with MilkIT in India  Shared MilkIT Wiki: http://milkit.wikispaces.com/http://milkit.wikispaces.com/ o Space to share process with partners and interested ‘outsiders’ o Online database for our reports o Partners are encouraged to use  Annual regional review and planning meetings across MilkIT project – India & Tanzania  Scientific presentations at conferences o Planned articles for international journals MilkIT Tanzania

28. Outlook for 2014 and beyond  IP sustainability o Action research implemented in villages o Further interventions identified and initiated o Attached students conducting research o New R4D ideas to continue along IP model  Regional platforms o Set up in Morogoro o Active participation in Tanga – towards district platforms  Continuous development of DVC in collaboration with other projects o Scaling up IP model vs. hubs? MilkIT Tanzania

29. Acknowledgement of funds coming from IFAD MilkIT Tanzania http://www.CIAT.CGIAR.org/ Science to cultivate change

30. Membership of the innovation platform in Wami Sokoine village, Mvomero district, Morogoro region Drawing by Diep Pham

31. Innovation platform actors Skin processor group Input suppliers Producers Producer group Village governance Village Innovation Platform Land Livestock extension Extension Milk processor group Credit (Village Sacos)