1. Bell Ringer #1 – 4/12/10 Read “Witnessing History” on page 792. 1. How were M.L.K.’s and Stokely Carmichael's views of “black power” similar? 2. How were they different?

2. What’s Ahead? ► Chapter 22 (1965-1980) – Malcolm X, Integration, Muhammad Ali, MLK, Soul Music ► Chapter 23 (1980-2004) – Black politicians, affirmative action, South African apartheid, reparations, HIV/AIDS ► Chapter 24 (The New Millennium) – Success vs. Poverty, incarceration, Hip-hop, reggae, rap, Afro-centricity, religion ► Student Presentations – African-American culture today

3. Stokely Carmichael ► SNCC leader who rejected King’s nonviolence and moderation. ► He founded the Lowndes County (MS) Freedom Org (LCFO) as a black political party. It was the first to use the black panther symbol.

4. Malcolm X ► Born Malcolm Little in Nebraska, raised in Lansing, MI. ► Home was burned by Klan terrorists and father was murdered by a white man. ► Went to juvenile detention, quit school @ 8 th grade, moved to Boston. Drugs & burglary led him to prison for 6.5 yrs. ► Studied teachings of Elijah Muhammad of the Nation of Islam, renounced “slave name” of Little.

5. Malcolm’s views ► Said he was the voice of northern urban ghettos ► Dismissed King’s message of redemption through brotherly love ► “Revolutions are based on bloodshed” ► http://www.history.com/videos/ma lcolm-x

7. Life Change ► In 1964 he broke from the Nation of Islam & founded the “Muslim Mosque” organization. ► After a pilgrimage to Mecca (Saudi Arabia) he denied the N. of I. doctrine that all white people are evil and began lecturing on Civil Rights and cooperation. ► Malcolm X was shockingly murdered by N of I assassins as he addressed an audience in Harlem.

8. Homework ► Read Ch 22, Sn 1 (pgs 793-802) ► Answer questions & define key terms on page 793. ► Due Wednesday